Epifluorescence microscopy has been used previously to study coexisting liquid phases in lipid monolayers of dihydrocholesterol and dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine at the air/water interface. This binary mixture has a critical point at room temperature (22 degrees C), a monolayer pressure of approx. 10 mN/m, and a composition in the vicinity of 20-30 mol% dihydrocholesterol. It is reported here ...

Developmental researchers have suggested that adolescents are characterized by stronger reward sensitivity than both children and younger adults. However, at this point, little is known about the extent to which developmental differences in incentive processing influence feedback-based learning. In this study, we applied an incentivized reinforcement learning task, in which errors resulted in l...

The interaction of halofantrine with phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine bilayers has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. Halofantrine caused a broadening of the gel to liquid crystalline phase transition endotherm of the phosphatidylcholines. A decrease in the transition temperature Tm and enthalpy (delta H) of transition was also observed. This varied with the...

Blood coagulation is essential for physiological hemostasis but simultaneously contributes to thrombotic disease. However, molecular and cellular events controlling initiation and propagation of coagulation are still incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrate an unexpected role of eosinophils during plasmatic coagulation, hemostasis, and thrombosis. Using a large-scale epidemiologic...

Phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) from urine of patients with breast cancer were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by nanoflow liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-ESI-MS-MS). Urinary phospholipids (PLs) were extracted from three different categories of patients (non-cancer controls and breast cancer patients before and...

Ambient analysis of metabolites and lipids from unprocessed animal tissue by mass spectrometry remains a challenge. The utility of the two novel ambient ionization techniques--atmospheric pressure infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (AP IR-MALDI) and laser ablation electrospray ionization (LAESI)--is demonstrated for the direct mass spectrometric analysis of lipids and other me...

The characterization of cardio-protective lipid bioactives from cyanobacteria, such as Spirulina spp., has rarely been investigated. In this study, neutral lipids, glycolipids, and phospholipids Irish marine cyanobacterium subsalsa, were tested for anti-inflammatory antithrombotic activities in vitro human platelets. Glycolipids inhibited strongly platelet aggregation induced by platelet-activa...

Novel four 2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-4-ylium derivatives were obtained with increase of UV absorption at 350 nm and browning of the solution by heating paste lecithin from soybean (SL) in octane. These four derivatives were formed by reaction of one molar of any sugar except 2-deoxysugars with two molar of phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) in SL. To confirm the reaction mechanism, seve...