visceral leishmaniasis due to leishmania infantum is endemic in many rural areas of iran. an investigation was carried out during april to november 2001 in ghahan rural district of qom province, in order to identify the phlebotomine sand fly fauna. 971 sand flies were totally collected from outdoor and indoor resting places by sticky traps. ten species of phle botomine sand flies including 8 sp...

In Morocco, as in most countries around the Mediterranean, leishmaniasis is an important public health problem. The situation has become worrying since the 1970’s and continues to be more complicated. The objective of this work was to realize a historical overview of the classification, evolution, and dispersion of Leishmania parasites and Sandflies in Morocco. The status of the different leish...

Paralongicollum nemacheili n. gen., n. sp. is described from Salmo gairdneri Richardson and Nemacheilus stoliczkai Steindacher in Lake Kul'say in the basin of Lake Balkhash, Kazakh S.S.R. Its long uniformly cylindrical neck and nonfiliform proboscis distinguish it from the other 3 genera of the family. Tenuiproboscis Yamaguti, 1935, has a filiform proboscis. The neck of Pomphorhynchus Monticell...

Leishmania tropica is one of the causative agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), a disfiguring parasitic disease that recently was found to be viscerotropic. In urban areas it is transmitted from infected individuals by the bite of phlebotomine sand flies to naïve persons (anthroponotic CL). In rural areas animals are thought to be the reservoir, but the full life cycle is still under investi...

Hyaluronidase activity was detected and partially characterized in salivary gland extracts of females of six sand fly species. In Phlebotomus papatasi and Lutzomyia longipalpis the enzyme was active over a broad pH range; the pH optimum was 5.0. Besides high cleaving activity towards hyaluronic acid, it hydrolyzed chondroitin sulfates A and C. Hyaluronidases of various sand fly species differed...

The OFF! Clip-On fan vaporizer device releasing metofluthrin was evaluated against phletobomine sand flies in the Judean Desert, Israel, in October, 2009. A total of 76,400 sand flies was collected, with male flies representing 98.3%Phlebotomus sergenti and 1.7%P. papatasi. Females comprised 43.0% of the total catch and included 6.7% blood-fed females. Similar proportions of flies were collecte...

Background Phlebotominae sand flies are the main vectors of leishmaniasis and some other diseases. Materials and Methods Using sticky traps, sand flies were collected fortnightly from outdoors and indoors areas of selected sites. Results A total of 2032 specimens (498 in the city and 1534 in the outskirts of Yazd) belonging to 11 species were collected. The activity of sand flies started in...

background: zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) due to leishmania major is increasing in many parts of iran. this disease originally is a disease found in gerbils. leishmania parasites are transmitted by sandflies that live and breed in gerbil burrows. nested pcr amplified leishmania its1-5.8s rrna gene in both main reservoir host “rhombomys opimus” and in the “phlebotomus papatasi” main vec...