an investigation was carried out in ahar district, (a new focus of visceral leishmaniasis), eastern azerbaijan, north-west of iran in order to determine the vector(s) of the disease, during the summer of 2003 sand-flies were collected using sticky papers, cdc light traps and aspirators. all of the collected sand-flies were dissected in a drop of normal saline for surveying of promastigotes. hea...

Leishmaniasis is endemic in the province of Zagora and presents a real danger to health situation. It manifested by morbidity. The objective this study assist vector control measures providing information on richness, abundance, seasonal trend, presence sex ratio sand fly species active epidemic. was conducted Bleida locality Zagora, during an outbreak L. major. results study, undertaken 2019, ...

Background: Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) due to Leishmania major is increasing in many parts of Iran. This disease originally is a disease found in gerbils. Leishmania parasites are transmitted by sandflies that live and breed in gerbil burrows. Nested PCR amplified Leishmania ITS1-5.8S rRNA gene in both main reservoir host “Rhombomys opimus” and in the “Phlebotomus papatasi” main vec...

BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) also known as kala-azar is a growing health problem in Ethiopia with an estimated annual VL incidence between 3700 and 7400. The disease is mainly endemic in northwestern parts of the country. The aim of the current study was to determine the sand fly fauna and ecology of Phlebotomus orientalis in two endemic and ecologically distinct areas of northwestern...

cutaneous leishmaniasis is a prevalent tropical parasitic disease in the old world. the causative agentsare leishmanial parasites, which cause various forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis. the infection is commonlylimited in immuno-competent individuals, but it can progress to a chronic and ulcerative disease in immunocompromised patients. the reservoirs are dogs and rodents and the vectors are dif...

Two forms of leishmaniasis are endemic to the Jenin district in the northern region of the West Bank. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), caused by Leishmania infantum, mainly affects infants. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) affects a broader age group and is probably caused by L. tropica. Although the Jenin district is the most important focus of leishmaniasis in the West Bank, the sand fly fauna of the...