Although the involvement of blood-borne PGE2 in fever has been hypothesized by several authors and has substantial experimental support, the current literature often rejects this hypothesis because several attempts to induce fever by a peripheral PGE2 failed. However, it is usually ignored that the amphipathic molecules of PGE2 are readily self-associating and that such an aggregation could hav...

PURPOSE To investigate the induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) gene expression by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in cultured rat Müller cells and to study the mechanism of the induction. METHODS Müller cells were obtained from neonatal Sprague-Dawley rat retinas and cultured in essential modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 10% fetal ...

Renal prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion and excretion rates were determined in nine conscious dogs. Renal venous (RV) and urine PGE2 concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. In 21 controls tests RV PGE2 ranged from 37 to 215 pg/ml, with a mean concentration of 97 +/- 11 pg/ml. Basal left kidney PGE2 secretion was 317 +/- 42 pg.g-1.mm-1. Urine PGE2 concentration averaged 8,320 +/- 1,510...

Prostanoids, bioactive lipids derived from arachidonic acid (AA), are important for vascular homeostasis. Among them, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) enhances aggregation of platelets submaximally stimulated in vitro. This results from activation of EP3, one of the four PGE2 receptors, which decreases the threshold at which agonists activate platelets to aggregate. Although PGE2 altered venous thrombos...

Autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by formation of cysts from tubular epithelial cells. Previous studies indicate that secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) into cyst fluid and production of cAMP underlie cyst expansion. However, the mechanism by which PGE2 directly stimulates cAMP formation and modulates cystogenesis is still unclear, because the particular E-...

Recently, certain studies have demonstrated in vitro that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) promotes human cluster of differentiation (CD)34+ cell homing. However, the sub‑type receptors activated by PGE2 are unknown, as the PGE2 receptor EP1-4 subtypes (EP1-4) are expressed on the membrane of human CD34+ cells. Based on the above, the present study aimed to screen the receptor subtype activity by PGE2 t...

Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a potent myeloid mitogen, and the immunosuppressive prostanoid prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) are elevated following thermal injury and sepsis. We have previously demonstrated that bone marrow myeloid commitment shifts toward monocytopoiesis and away from granulocytopoiesis during thermal injury and sepsis and that PGE2 plays a central role in this alteration. Here we investigate...

Short-circuit current (I(sc)) and transepithelial conductance (Gt) were measured in guinea pig distal colonic mucosa isolated from submucosa and underlying muscle layers. Indomethacin (2 microM) and NS-398 (2 microM) were added to suppress endogenous production of prostanoids. Serosal addition of PGE2 (10 nM) stimulated negative I(sc) consistent with K secretion, and concentrations >30 nM stimu...