A pot experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with five treatment and five replication, in each replication were 6 plants used. The study of zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) application (20 and 40 ppm) and Salicylic acid (SA) application (50 and 150 ppm) was compared to the control (distillated water) on growth and flowering Petunia hybrid. For each plant was used 10...

A pot experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with five treatment and five replication, in each replication were 6 plants used. The study of zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) application (20 and 40 ppm) and Salicylic acid (SA) application (50 and 150 ppm) was compared to the control (distillated water) on growth and flowering Petunia hybrid. For each plant was used 10...

One of the most important breakthroughs in modern biology was discovering that double chain small or large RNA molecules are able to regulate gene expression. Formerly it was thought RNAs have just two broad functions in cells: Single-stranded messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are vital intermediaries in gene expression, transmitting information between DNA and protein. Ribosomal and transfer RNAs have st...

The literature presents two perspectives on the status of nouns naming certain entities as mass or count. On one view, this choice is predetermined by the nature of the entity named. On the other, this choice is arbitrary, though there may be some regularities or at least tendencies in lexicalization as mass or count. Proponents of arbitrariness cite doublets like mail and letters, leaves and f...

Calibrachoa (Calibrachoa  hybrida) is a popular annual ornamental that was introduced in the late 1990s by the greenhouse ornamental industry. Little is published about its interaction with pathogens commonly associated with greenhouse production. We report here for the first time the response of Calibrachoa to infection by pathogens that may be introduced in greenhouse production cycles throu...

During its long and rich history, medical sciences have undergone several changes of paradigms. In this quest to develop more potent drugs, less invasive surgical techniques and more sophisticated diagnostic approaches (among other goals) medicine has contributed decisively to our well being and longevity. Some of these major accomplishments, which altered the course of humanity are: the develo...

RNA interference (RNAi) is the sequence-specific gene silencing induced by double-stranded RNA. RNAi is mediated by 21-23 nucleotide small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) which are produced from long double-stranded RNAs by RNAse II-like enzyme Dicer. The resulting siRNAs are incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) that targets and cleaves mRNA complementary to the siRNAs. Since its ...

RNA interference (RNAi) is the sequence-specific gene silencing induced by double-stranded RNA. RNAi is mediated by 21-23 nucleotide small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) which are produced from long double-stranded RNAs by RNAse II-like enzyme Dicer. The resulting siRNAs are incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) that targets and cleaves mRNA complementary to the siRNAs. Since its ...

Gene silencing is arguably the hottest topic in science at present and has been proclaimed to be the biggest breakthrough of the year 2002, as per the journal Science. Gene expression studies have always fascinated the scientists and are consequently studded with a number of nobel prizes. Gene silencing refers to general processes of interruption or suppression of transcription or translation o...