We study the renaturation of complementary single-stranded DNAs in a water-phenol two-phase system, with or without shaking. In very dilute solutions, each single-stranded DNA is strongly adsorbed at the interface at high salt concentrations. The adsorption of the single-stranded DNA is specific to phenol and relies on stacking and hydrogen bonding. We establish the interfacial nature of DNA re...

Shunting scheduling problems at railway depot can be regarded as a sort of resource constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP). Unlike the normal RCPSPs, however, shunting scheduling problems require that the number of activities which form a project has to be dynamically changed in the problem solving process and some of the activities have to be performed at a prescribed timing, for examp...

The traditional PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) model uses beta distribution as the distribution of activity duration and estimates the mean and the variance of activity duration using “pessimistic”, “most likely” and “optimistic” time estimates proposed by an expert. In the past several authors have modified the original PERT estimators to improve the accuracy. In this paper, on...

Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) is often observed in patients with pancreatic diseases, including chronic pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, and tumors, or after surgical resection. PEI often results in malnutrition, weight loss and steatorrhea, which together increase the risk of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, nutritional interventions, such as low-fat diets and pancreatic enzyme repl...

Since 1997, the Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM) method has received considerable attention. Hundreds of successful CCPM cases have achieved highly reliable on-time delivery (OTD) with short project lead-time (PLT) in multi-project environments. However, two obstacles have remained, blocking the implementation of CCPM to project management (PM) society. The first has been addressed by P...

Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) is highly prevalent in patients with pancreatic cancer, and has substantial implications for quality of life survival. Post resection, PEI associated increased post-operative complications, longer hospital stays higher costs. Treatment enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) improves confers significant survival advantages. Despite this many cancer do not curre...