BACKGROUND Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an established form of therapy in the management of end stage renal disease. Peritonitis is the main complication of PD. OBJECTIVES To study the incidence and microbial aetiology of peritonitis in patients undergoing chronic PD at the dialysis unit of Sri Jayewardenapura General Hospital (SJGH); to assess the diagnostic value of the Gram's stain; and to ...

BACKGROUND We aim to explore if disease severity score (DSS) at onset is associated with dialysate white cell counts, the severity of causative organisms and the risk for treatment failure of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis in an adult PD cohort. METHODS Our prospective cohort study recorded all peritonitis episodes between 2008 and 2010. The DSS, demographic data and clinical...

Introduction: Perforation peritonitis is the most common surgical emergency in India..Despite advances in surgical techniques, antimicrobial therapy and intensive care support, management of peritonitis continues to be highly demanding, difficult and complex. Peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum, the thin layer that lines the inner wall of the abdomen and covers most of the abdomina...

BACHGROUND Peritonitis and exit site (ES) infection are two main complications of peritoneal dialysis. There are some controversies regard to preventive strategies for ES care. In this study we compared peritonitis and ES infection rates in patients with and without dressing. MATERIALS AND METHODS This historical cohort study carried out on 72 patients under continuous ambulatory peritoneal d...

HYPOTHESIS Peritonitis is a well-known indication for surgery, but its preoperative cause usually is not established. We hypothesize that abdominal ultrasonography is superior to the clinical impression of the surgeon in detecting the cause of peritonitis. DESIGN A prospective case series. SETTING A major university hospital in Taiwan, Republic of China. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred t...

BACKGROUND Peritoneal dialysis is the most frequent dialysis method in children, and peritonitis is a frequent complication. The responsible organisms differ between nosocomial and community acquired peritonitis, they cause longer hospitalization time, and can lead to dialysis failure. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to describe the risk factors associated with nosocomial peritonitis in ch...

Peritonitis is a major complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) being associated with hospitalization, catheter loss, technique failure, and increased mortality. Data on incidence rates and risk factors for peritonitis episodes vary between centers. In seven Austrian PD units clinical and laboratory data on each peritonitis episode were collected from all patients (n = 726) who performed PD bet...

BACKGROUND Peritonitis is a common complication of chronic peritoneal dialysis (CPD) and can be associated with technique failure. Enterococcus is an uncommon peritoneal pathogen in children receiving CPD but represents a potential therapeutic challenge due to its innate resistance to cephalosporins and emerging resistance to glycopeptides. METHODS The International Pediatric Peritonitis Regi...

OBJECTIVE To determine the risk factors and outcomes of peritonitis caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). PATIENTS AND METHODS Episodes of E. coli CAPD peritonitis in our unit from October 1994 to August 2003 were reviewed. Demographic data, underlying medical conditions, recent use of gastric acid inh...

Sclerosing peritonitis is a rare form of peritoneal inflammation with an often fatal outcome. The major risk factor of sclerosing peritonitis is peritoneal dialysis treatment but it can also occur following renal or liver transplantation or be associated with certain drug treatment. This article gives an overview of reasons and treatment options for sclerosing peritonitis and shows a summery of...