Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is difficult to treat, no matter what your treatment approach. Of the 25 pharmacological, interventionist, exercise, and alternative therapy approaches that have been systematically reviewed, only a few have any promise and even those “may” be helpful. Clinical guidelines reflect this underwhelming situation—recommendations to promote function, to include “...

Derivatization of peptides as quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) is a promising method for sensitive detection by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (Cydzik et al. J. Pept. Sci. 2011, 17, 445-453). The peptides derivatized by QAS at their N-termini undergo fragmentation according to the two competing mechanisms - charge remote (ChR) and charge directed (ChD). The absence of mobile pr...

240 words Introduction: 559 words Discussion: 953 words Abbreviations: SLC, solute carrier; CNT, concentrative nucleoside transporter; ASBT, apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter; SERT, serotonin transporter; PEPT, peptide transporter; OCTN, organic zwitterion/cation transporter; OATP, organic anion transporting polypeptide; ENT, equilibrative nucleoside transporter; IBD, inflammatory b...

The peptide transporter (PTR) family represents a group of proton-coupled secondary transporters responsible for bulk uptake of amino acids in the form of di- and tripeptides, an essential process employed across species ranging from bacteria to humans. To identify amino acids critical for peptide transport in a prokaryotic PTR member, we have screened a library of mutants of the Escherichia co...

Based on alleged functional residue correspondences, a recent study proposed a model of 3-transmembrane segment (TMS) repeat unit rearrangements in Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) carriers (1). A rebuttal of “Evolutionary mix-and-match with MFS transporters” (1) is currently in press in the Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology (2). In their follow-up paper, “Evolutionary mix-...

Group transfer reactions catalyzed by enzymes have assumed a position of intense interest in contemporary enzymology (1). Well known examples of radicals capable of being transferred in such reactions are methyl, glycosyl, aeetyl, phosphoryl, pept,idyl, nucleosidyl, and nucleotidyl, in addition to the transport of hydrogen as seen with the familiar nuoleot.ide coenzymes. In this paper we wish t...

lated hearts. Br J Pharmacol 2005;145:490–494. 21. Chen ZW, Huang Y, Yang Q, Li X, Wei W, He GW. Urocortin-induced relaxation in the human internal mammary artery. Cardiovasc Res 2005;65: 913–920. 22. Nagueh SF, Mikati I, Kopelen HA, Middleton KJ, Quinones MA, Zoghbi WA. Doppler estimation of left ventricular filling pressure in sinus tachycardia. A new application of tissue Doppler imaging. Ci...