In tropical regions, fires propagate readily in grasslands but typically consume only edges of forest patches. Thus, forest patches grow due to tree propagation and shrink by fires in surrounding grasslands. The interplay between these competing edge effects is unknown, but critical in determining the shape and stability of individual forest patches, as well the landscape-level spatial distribu...

The error negativity (Ne/ERN) and error positivity (Pe) are two components of the event-related brain potential (ERP) that are associated with action monitoring and error detection. To investigate the relation between error processing and conscious self-monitoring of behavior, the present experiment examined whether an Ne and Pe are observed after response errors of which participants are unawa...

Investigated in the setting of Phase II clinical trials is the two-sample binomial problem of testing H0 : pe = pc versus H1 : pe > pc where pe and pc are the unknown target population response rates for the experimental and control groups, respectively, using the usual Z-statistic with pooled variance estimator. The cornerstones that make this paper unique are as follows. First, the emphasis i...

BACKGROUND Studies of event-related potentials have consistently shown that schizophrenia is associated with a blunted error-related negativity (ERN), indicating a deficit in error monitoring. It is unknown whether this deficit is unique to schizophrenia or is common to psychotic disorders more broadly, and its associations with clinical characteristics of the illness are not well understood. ...

VP1, a putative alpha-helical antimicrobial peptide (alpha-AMP) inhibited growth of Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli at 500microM. The peptide induced stable surface pressure changes in monolayers formed from B. subtilis native lipid extract (circa 4.5mNm(-1)) but transient pressure changes in corresponding E. coli monolayers (circa 1.0mNm(-1)), which led to monolayer disintegration. Synt...

aPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ecologia, Laboratório de Ornitologia, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco – UFRPE, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, CEP 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil bGrupo de Observadores de Aves do Sertão Central, Rua Galdêncio do Nascimento, 17, Parque Bandeirante, CEP 56308-190, Petrolina, PE, Brazil cLaboratório de Ornitologia, Departamento de B...

Two enkephalin-containing polypeptides of 3600 and 4900 daltons have been isolated from extracts of bovine adrenal medulla, purified to homogeneity, and analyzed by a combination of automated Edman degradation and enzymatic time course hydrolysis. The 4900-dalton polypeptide contains two copies of enkephalin, one an internal [Met]enkephalin sequence, the other a [Leu]enkephalin sequence at the ...

Metacommunity theory is considered a promising approach for explaining species diversity and food web complexity. Recently Pillai et al. proposed a simple modeling framework for the dynamics of food webs at the metacommunity level. Here, we employ this framework to compute general conditions for the persistence of complex food webs in metacommunities. The persistence conditions found depend on ...