in order to present a new and high performance structure of pem fuel cell and study the influence of the flow direction and distribution on the rate of reactants diffusion, three novel models of vertical reactant flow injection into the anode and cathode reaction area field have been introduced. they consist of one inlet and two inlets and also a continuous channel. the governing equations on t...

a three dimensional, compressible, steady, one phase flow of reactant-product mixture in the air side electrode of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (pemfc) is numerically studied in this paper. the mixture is composed of three species: oxygen, nitrogen and water vapor. the performance of the cell is enhanced by partial blockage of the flow field channels. various types of these blocks also ca...

The design of electrodes for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is a delicate balancing of transport media. Conductance of gas, electrons, and protons must be optimized to provide efficient transport to and from the electrochemical reactions. This is accomplished through careful consideration of the volume of conducting media required by each phase and the distribution of the respe...

A control-oriented mathematical model of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack is developed and experimentally verified. The model predicts the bulk fuel cell transient temperature and voltage as a function of the current drawn and the inlet coolant conditions. The model enables thermal control synthesis and optimization and can be used for estimating the transient system perform...

The hydrogen proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are promising to utilize in electric vehicle (EV) applications. However, PEM still encountering challenges regarding their functionality and degradation mechanism. Therefore, this paper aims study the performance of a 3.2 kW cell under accelerated operation conditions, including varying pressure at level 0.1–0.5 bar, variable loading, short...

F uel cells have tantalized engineers for more than a century as efficient devices to directly convert chemical energy to electrical energy. However, fuel cell use has been limited to niche applications, like space vehicles and emergency backup power systems, due to their expensive components and specialized fuel requirements. During the past two decades polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel ...

Objectives • Develop realistic and internally consistent detailed designs for automotive gasoline fuel processor/ proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell systems and direct hydrogen PEM fuel cell systems by using current-year technology. • Apply Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DFMA) design and costing techniques to compare system designs at low, medium, and high annual production rates. •...

uel cell systems offer clean and efficient energy production and are currently under intensive development by several manufacturers for both stationary and mobile applications. The fuel cell (FC) concept dates back to the early 1800s. The idea was first published in [1], and its invention has largely been attributed to W.R. Grove [2]. Although the availability and abundance of fossil fuel has l...

PEM fuel cell systems face highly dynamic load profiles in automotive application. This work showcases the impact of media supply adaption, system architecture and test rig restrictions on transient voltage response an stack. Current step profile experiments were conducted a rig, featuring balance plant components, short stack bench. A time scale analysis allowed us to identify predominant effe...