It is well recognised that reducing positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) leads to an increase in the tidal volume and minute volume in ventilated neonates. The magnitude of this effect is perhaps not commonly appreciated, however. Effectively, PEEP is four times as potent as peak inflation pressure (PIP) in bringing about changes in tidal volume. The influence of changes in PEEP and PIP on t...

BACKGROUND Most patients requiring mechanical ventilation for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) receive positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 5 to 12 cm of water. Higher PEEP levels may improve oxygenation and reduce ventilator-induced lung injury but may also cause circulatory depression and lung injury from overdistention. We conducted this trial to com...

INTRODUCTION To examine the effects of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) in patients with acute lung injury (ALI). METHODS Thirty sedated and mechanically ventilated patients with ALI or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) admitted to a sixteen-bed surgical medical ICU were included. All patients were studied with sequentially increasing PEEP (0,...

Most respiratory practitioners agree that PEEP helps to recruit and maintain alveoli that would otherwise collapse or suffer tidal inflation and deflation. PEEP thus reduces atelectrauma, shear forces, and systemic inflammatory mediator release. These benefits are balanced against consequences. PEEP can lead to overdistention of lung units, especially those that remain normal in the midst of he...

BACKGROUND Previous physiological studies have identified factors that are involved in auto-PEEP generation. In our study, we examined how much auto-PEEP is generated from factors that are involved in its development. METHODS One hundred eighty-six subjects undergoing controlled mechanical ventilation with persistent expiratory flow at the beginning of each inspiration were enrolled in the st...

OBJECTIVE To reevaluate the clinical impact of external positive end-expiratory pressure (external-PEEP) application in patients with severe airway obstruction during controlled mechanical ventilation. The controversial occurrence of a paradoxic lung deflation promoted by PEEP was scrutinized. DESIGN External-PEEP was applied stepwise (2 cm H(2)O, 5-min steps) from zero-PEEP to 150% of intrin...

INTRODUCTION Lung protective ventilation requires low tidal volume and suitable positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). To date, few methods have been accepted for clinical use to set the appropriate PEEP. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of PEEP titration guided by ventilation homogeneity using the global inhomogeneity (GI) index based on electrical impedance tomography (EIT)...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of polyphenol extract from Phyllanthus emblica (PEEP) on cervical cancer cells and to explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS MTT assay was used to measure inhibition of proliferation of cervical cancer (HeLa) cells after treatment with PEEP at concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/ml for 48 hours. HeLa cells were treate...

OBJECTIVE General anesthesia causes reduction of functional residual capacity. And this decrease can lead to atelectasis and intrapulmonary shunting in the lung. In this study we want to evaluate the effects of 5 and 10cmH2O PEEP levels on gas exchange, hemodynamic, respiratory mechanics and systemic stress response in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS American Society of Anesthesiologist...

RATIONALE Clinicians are often concerned that higher positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) will decrease cardiac index (CI). PEEP affects CI through multiple inter-related mechanisms. The adult Rhesus monkey is an excellent model to study cardiopulmonary interaction due to similar pulmonary and chest wall compliances to human infants. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to examine the impact of increasi...