introduction: raising the knowledge of skeletal and soft tissue changes with aging has been highly essential due to an increasing demand for aesthetic facial surgery following aging. the aim of this study is to evaluate the three dimensional computed tomographic images and process of changes in mandible with aging. materials and methods: in this descriptive study, the facial ct scans were obtai...

Since its introduction to recognize chordal graphs by Rose, Tarjan, and Lueker, Lexicographic Breadth First Search (LexBFS) has been used to come up with simple, often linear time, algorithms on various classes of graphs. These algorithms, called multi-sweep algorithms, compute a number of LexBFS orderings σ1, . . . , σk, where σi is used to break ties for σi+1, we write LexBFS (σi) = σi+1. For...

Robinsonian matrices arise in the classical seriation problem and play an important role in many applications where unsorted similarity (or dissimilarity) information must be reordered. We present a new polynomial time algorithm to recognize Robinsonian matrices based on a new characterization of Robinsonian matrices in terms of straight enumerations of unit interval graphs. The algorithm is si...

We here investigate on the complexity of computing the tree-length and the tree-breadth of any graph G, that are respectively the best possible upper-bounds on the diameter and the radius of the bags in a tree decomposition of G. Path-length and path-breadth are similarly defined and studied for path decompositions. So far, it was already known that tree-length is NP-hard to compute. We here pr...

The breadth and depth of ESL learners’ vocabulary knowledge and their comprehensive linguistic competence are not well studied in current literatures on vocabulary studies. This paper explores the creditability of depth and breadth of ESL learners’ vocabulary knowledge as an indicator of their overall linguistic competence and the correlation between depth and breadth of ESL learners’ vocabular...

Diffraction peak profiles were calculated numerically for dislocation ensembles with different spatial arrangements and correlations between the Burgers vector signs. The latter property determines stored elastic energy in crystal width of diffraction peaks. It is shown that within approximation asymptotic line-profile theory relationship breadth magnitude modified Williamson-Hall (mWH) plot li...

Recent research in marketing has established that market knowledge breadth and depth are important drivers of firms' performance. However, few studies have investigated the antecedents of these important dimensions of market knowledge as well as the moderators of their effects on performance. Drawing on theories of organizational learning and search, the authors argue that different types of ma...

Introduction: Raising the knowledge of skeletal and soft tissue changes with aging has been highly essential due to an increasing demand for aesthetic facial surgery following aging. The aim of this study is to evaluate the three dimensional computed tomographic images and process of changes in mandible with aging. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, the facial CT scans were obta...