Until now, basic karyological parameters have been used in different ways by researchers to infer karyological relationships among organisms. In the present study, we propose a standardized approach to this aim, integrating six different, not redundant, parameters in a multivariate PCoA analysis. These parameters are chromosome number, basic chromosome number, total haploid chromosome length, M...

Based on the analysis of the properties of tent map, parallel chaos optimization algorithm (PCOA) using logistic map and outlook algorithm, a hybrid global optimization algorithm (PCOOA) is presented. The algorithm is structured in two stages. The first stage uses parallel chaos optimization based on tent map for global search, while outlook algorithm is employed in the second stage for local s...

Precipitation is considered a key factor influencing the fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) of urban rivers. However, multiple effects precipitation on FDOM in rivers and long-term impacts spatial patterns are seldom known. Spatiotemporal variations at 36 sites from Jinan City during dry wet seasons were investigated this study. Four components identified using an excitation–emission m...

Abstract Background Composition of microbial communities can be location-specific, and the different abundance taxon within location could help us to unravel city-specific signature predict sample origin locations accurately. In this study, whole genome shotgun (WGS) metagenomics data from samples across 16 cities around world another 8 were provided as main mystery datasets respectively part C...

Although the Foreign Pharmacy Graduate Equivalency Examination (FPGEE) is not intended to measure educational outcomes or institutional effectiveness, it may be a reliable and valid criterion to assess the quality or success of international pharmacy programs. This comprehensive review describes the evolution and historical milestones of the FPGEE, along with trends in structure, administration...

Mononchida members are predatory nematodes with the potential to reduce number of plant-parasitic in soil. During a survey on Iran, several populations Mylonchulus were recovered from various localities. A population M. hawaiiensis was studied using 18S rDNA. The phylogenetic analysis Bayesian inference placed sequenced hawiinesis (OP210758) together other Japan (AB361438-AB361442) 1.00 posteri...

The food needs for increasing population, climatic changes, urbanization and industrialization, along with the destruction of forests, are main challenges modern life. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate plant genetic resources in order cope these problems. this study, a set ninety-one walnut (Juglans regia L.) accessions from Central Anatolia region, composed seventy-four eight commerc...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to provide better insights into the cerebral perfusion patterns and collateral mechanism of the circle of Willis (CoW) under anatomical and pathological variations. METHODS In the current study, a patient-specific three-dimensional computational model of the CoW was reconstructed based on the computed tomography (CT) images. The Carreau model was applied to...