and methodological developments by recognizing the importance of micro-, meso-, macro-, and cross-scale approaches. The term landscape ecology was coined in 1939 by the German geographer Carl Troll, who was inspired by the spatial patterning of landscapes revealed in aerial photographs and the ecosystem concept developed in 1935 by the British ecologist Arthur Tansley. Troll originally defi ned...

Eliminating the “divergence problem” at Alaska’s northern treeline M. Wilmking and J. Singh Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Grimmer Strasse 88, Greifswald University, 17487 Greifswald, Germany Received: 3 June 2008 – Accepted: 5 June 2008 – Published: 11 June 2008 Correspondence to: M. Wilmking ([email protected]) Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the Europea...

Objective: Provide a basic understanding of concepts related to scale to serve as a foundation for understanding landscape ecology topics. Clarify commonly misused terms and concepts. Highlight importance of considering scale in resource management planning and analyses.

Graph or image pyramids can be used for hierarchical partitioning of images. One related application area is the automatical determination of landscapes in Landscape Ecology. The visualization of graph pyramids facilitates studies about their structure, such as their vertex distribution or height in relation of a specific input image. Thus, a researcher can debug algorithms and ask for statisti...

The exchange of carbon dioxide between wet arctic tundra and the atmosphere at the Lena River Delta, Northern Siberia L. Kutzbach, C. Wille, and E.-M. Pfeiffer Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Research Unit Potsdam, Telegrafenberg A43, 14473 Potsdam, Germany University of Hamburg, Institute of Soil Science, Allende-Platz 2, 20146 Hamburg, Germany now at: Ernst Moritz Arnd...

Eliminating the “divergence problem” at Alaska’s northern treeline M. Wilmking and J. Singh Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Grimmer Strasse 88, Greifswald University, 17487 Greifswald, Germany Received: 3 June 2008 – Accepted: 5 June 2008 – Published: 11 June 2008 Correspondence to: M. Wilmking ([email protected]) Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the Europea...

Viet Nam’s landscape is constantly changing as land use changes. Sometimes the resources base benefits where forests are protected and allowed to regenerate naturally, bare land is reforested, or where swidden land is converted to more intensive agriculture. Sometimes resources are lost where forests are exploited for timber, cleared for agricultural or grazing, or burnt by spreading wildfires.

Urban warming is sensitive to the nature (thermal properties, including albedo, water content, heat capacity and thermal conductivity) and the placement (surface geometry or urban topography) of urban surface. In this research, the pattern and variation of urban surface temperature is regarded as one kind of landscape, urban thermal landscape, which is assumed as the presentation of local surfa...

R. Tittler ([email protected]) and L. Fahrig, Geomatics and Landscape Ecology Research Laboratory, Ottawa-Carleton Inst. of Biology, Carleton Univ., Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada. (Present address of R. T.: Centre d’étude de la forêt, Dépt des sciences biologiques, Univ. de Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.) M.-A. Villard, Chaire de recherche du Canada en conservation des paysage...

Planning for sustainable cities is a complex process addressing the fundamental areas of economic, environmental and socially-equitable sustainability. This chapter focuses on the environmental area, with theories, models, and applications illustrating possible spatial configurations of a green infrastructure to support ecological and physical processes in the built environment including: hydro...