− Accurate knowledge of stator resistance is of utmost importance for correct operation of a number of speed sensorless induction motor control schemes in the low speed region. Since stator resistance inevitably varies with operating conditions, stable and accurate operation at near-zero speed requires an appropriate on-line identification algorithm for the stator resistance. The paper proposes...

iran is a rather wide country, and, as a rule, the chrage per one call in s. t .d . (subscriber trunk dialing ) is required more compared with a local call , so, just after the opening of the std service widely in national telephone network, unconcerned use of the s. t. d. service has been caused on an incon- ceivable increase in telephone charge of th subscriber. this is a common problem for a...

Regarding the ever-increasing switching frequency of power converters, there is a lack tools to perform quick and effective optimization high-frequency transformers embedded in isolated converters. Indeed, at high operating frequency, geometry core windings deeply impacts overall transformer performance. Specifically, assessing accurately current distribution parallel-connected challenging key ...

Supercapacitors are often charged using constant currents. The capacitance can be determined from the slope of voltage-time curve if measured voltage over supercapacitor increases linearly with time. However, resulting is nonlinear, which may lead one to interpret as being either time or dependent. In current work, systematic experimental studies nonlinearity galvanostatic charging curves a fun...

Different kinds of meta-heuristic algorithms have been recently utilized to overcome the complex nature of optimum design of structures. In this paper, an integrated optimization procedure with the objective of minimizing the self-weight of real size structures is simply performed interfacing SAP2000 and MATLAB® softwares in the form of parallel computing. The meta-heuristic algorithm chosen he...

Liquid in contact with two asymmetrical spiral-shape aluminum electrodes behaves like a still weak source of electrical energy. Almost the only way to increase efficiency such energy is reduce internal resistance. Reducing resistance equivalent using multiple sources connected series or parallel. To check this for unusual it first necessary study properties each source, which voltage drop acros...

Quality factor variation with top electrode area in thin-film barium–strontium–titanate parallel-plate capacitors is discussed. At low frequencies, the geometry dependence is consistent with the presence of a parallel parasitic loss pathway enabled by conduction over the device mesa surface. At high frequencies, the variation in the quality factor with top electrode area is due to a geometry-in...

Treatment of HIV-infected individuals with antiretroviral agents selects for drug-resistant mutants, resulting in frequent treatment failures. Although the major antiretroviral resistance mutations are routinely characterized by DNA sequencing, treatment failures are still common, probably in part because undetected rare resistance mutations facilitate viral escape. Here we combined DNA bar cod...