The increasing number of opioid users among chronic pain patients, and opioid abusers among the general population, makes perioperative pain management challenging for health care professionals. Anesthesiologists, surgeons, and nurses should be familiar with some pharmacological phenomena which are typical of opioid users and abusers, such as tolerance, physical dependence, hyperalgesia, and ad...

conclusions the antinociceptive properties of lidocaine are derived from multifaceted mechanisms, turning it into a medication that is safe to administer via different routes which makes it available for use in a variety of medical conditions. results our study revealed that lidocaine is broadly used in various therapeutic approaches for different types of pain, such as visceral/central pain, r...

introduction: neuropathic pain can be very difficult to treat and it is one of the important medical challenging about pain treatments. muscimol as a new agonist of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor type a (gaba a ) have been introduced for pain management. thus, the present study was performed to evaluate the pain alleviating effect of intrathecal injection of different doses of muscimol as gab...

BACKGROUND Although enthusiasm is growing for self-management programs for chronic conditions, there are conflicting data regarding their effectiveness and no agreement on their essential components. PURPOSE To assess the effectiveness and essential components of self-management programs for hypertension, osteoarthritis, and diabetes mellitus. DATA SOURCES The authors searched multiple sour...

Baylor University Medical Center established a pain initiative group in 1996 to research the effectiveness of pain management throughout the hospital. After analyzing 300 patient surveys, the group undertook an intensive program to educate physicians, nurses, and patients regarding newer pain management techniques. The outcome of this educational initiative was reassessed in 2001 based on surve...

Because of the great prevalence of chronic pain, it is not surprising that there have been a number of influential reports by the Institute of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, and the World Health Organization that have documented the medical, social and economic problems caused by it, and the need for better pain-management programs. The present article briefly reviews these reports, a...

Introduction: Post operative pain is an expected adverse outcome following surgery and it often delays mobilization and overall recovery. Acute post operative pain is subjective and cannot be measured objectively. Aims: The aim of this study was to: 1Assess nurses' postoperative pain assessment and management documentation of pain in the first three days postoperatively in the surgical wards at...

background: chronic musculoskeletal pain is a worldwide health problem. anxiety and depression are common among patients suffering from chronic pain. self-management strategies are used to help patients manage the emotional distress associated with pain. aim: to evaluate the effects of cognitive pain self-management program (cpsmp) on depression, anxiety, and stress in women with chronic pain. ...

purpose: patients may control postoperative pain by self-administration of intravenous opioids   using devices designed for this purpose (patient controlled analgesia or pca). this study set out   to determine whether any of the two opioid administrations (i.e. pca or conventional analgesia)   would provide superior pain relief among patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy   or not.   ...