conclusions the results showed the effectiveness of bromelain on episiotomy pain and wound healing. therefore, it is suggested to use bromelain in postoperative stage to improve wound healing and reduce pain. background ananas comosus has long been used for medical purposes. currently, we are experiencing an unprecedented interest in the use of complementary medicine as well as a growing attent...

background one of the strategies for a good outcome and pain free childbearing is to design the delivery room. objectives the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of snoezelen room on childbearing outcome such as pain intensity, duration of labor, and perinea status in nulliparous women. patients and methods this study was a randomized controlled clinical trial consists of 100 childbea...

Intrathecal drug delivery is an effective pain management option for patients with chronic and cancer pain. The delivery of drugs into the intrathecal space provides superior analgesia with smaller doses of analgesics to minimize side effects while significantly improving quality of life. This article aims to provide a general overview of the use of intrathecal drug delivery to manage pain, dos...

background & aim: episiotomy is a common medical procedure for widening the perineum. in fact, perineal pain is the most common complaint after episiotomy. therefore, it is important to determine factors associated with postoperative pain following episiotomy in order to provide comfort for women after delivery. this study aimed to investigate factors associated with postoperative pain followin...

background: labor pain is the most severe pain a woman experience in her life. the severity and duration of labor pain is more, in primiparous women and may lead to undesirable psychological effects, lowered self-confidence and anxiety. new supportive methods like massage therapy could change the labor into a pleasant and desirable experience. regarding this, the current study was fulfilled to ...

Background & aim: Pain is the most common complaint of mothers after episiotomy. Various medications are used for the alleviation of this pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of alpha ointment on the relief of pain caused by episiotomy. Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 70 primiparous women in Ommolbanin Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. The participants were...

Pain during delivery is unique because it is accompanied by powerful emotions. Emotions that occur in women during labor and delivery are closely tied to upbringing and culture in which they were raised and consequently with the sensation of experienced pain. According to the Melzack-Wall Theory of Pain, general mood is directly related to the intensity and quality of pain and it is therefore j...

Childbirth is one of the most painful phenomena that women will tolerate in their lifetime. Labor pain is recognized as one of the most severe human pain [1,2].Severe pain associated to vaginal delivery can cause abnormal uterine action during labor which might lead to increased medical interventions such as caesarian section (C/S) [3]. According to world health report, the rate of C/S in Iran ...