dria to provide a stable intracellular niche for replication (Luhrmann and Roy, 2007). The pathogen also activates Akt and Erk1/2 signaling to promote survival (Voth and Heinzen, 2009). Each of these events relies on Coxiella protein synthesis, suggesting the organism secretes a distinct effector(s) to regulate apoptosis. Unfortunately, effector identification and characterization has been hamp...

We recently reported that NHE3 exists in multimeric complexes with dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) in renal brush-border membranes. To examine the possible role of DPPIV in modulating NHE3 activity, we evaluated whether specific competitive inhibitors that bind to the active site of DPPIV affect NHE3 activity in the OKP line of opossum kidney proximal tubule cells. The DPPIV inhibitors diprotin...

C/EBPe is essential for granulocytic differentiation. We investigated the role of C/EBPe in the transcriptional activation of various myeloid-specific genes. We found that two C/EBPe isoforms, p32 and p30, possessing transcriptional activation domains were coexpressed in myeloid cells. Interestingly, isoform C/EBPe p30 but not p32 was differentially upregulated in NB-4 promyelocytic leukemia ce...

all humans experience anxiety in your life and it is natural that people get anxious when facing stressful situations threatening, but severe and chronic anxiety in the absence of clear cause, is uncommon. studies show that anxiety in men and a young person are less privileged economic classes and in women, low-income people and the elderly and children and teenagers are more common. when locat...

A 32-kilodalton protein antigen (P32) was previously purified to homogeneity from culture filtrate of Mycobacterium bovis BCG (J. De Bruyn, K. Huygen, R. Bosmans, M. Fauville, R. Lippens, J. P. Van Vooren, P. Falmagne, H. G. Wiker, M. Harboe, and M. Turneer, Microb. Pathog. 2:351-366, 1987). Spleen cells from BCG-sensitized mice produce significant amounts of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) in res...

Mcl-1 is a member of the Bcl-2 family protein; its degradation is required for the initiation of apoptosis. The mechanism, however, is not yet clearly known. Previously, it was reported that Mcl-1 is degraded through the ubiquitination-mediated pathway and the PEST domain is the motif responsible for promoting this degradation. We found evidence that this may not be true. We generated several M...

The HIV-1 Vpr protein participates in the early steps of the virus life cycle by influencing the accuracy of reverse transcription. This role of Vpr was related to the recruitment of the nuclear form of the uracil DNA glycosylase (UNG2) enzyme into virus particles, but several conflicting findings have been reported regarding the role of UNG2 encapsidation on viral infectivity. Here, we report ...