Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a bottleneck to photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting; however, there remains an impressive challenge for intrinsic charge transport the development of integrated photoanodes. Herein, covalent triazine frameworks as conjugated molecules are grafted on surfaces ferroelectric BaTiO3−x (CTF/BTO) nanorod array, and then oxyhydroxide oxygen cocatalyst (OEC) co...

Methanol has long being used as a substrate analogue to probe access pathways and investigate water delivery at the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem-II. In this contribution we study the interaction of methanol with the OEC by assembling available spectroscopic data into a quantum mechanical treatment that takes into account the local channel architecture of the active site. The eff...

In spite of great progress in resolving the geometric structure of the water-splitting Mn(4)O(x)Ca cluster in photosystem II, the binding sites and modes of the two substrate water molecules are still insufficiently characterized. While time-resolved membrane-inlet mass spectrometry measurements indicate that both substrate water molecules are bound to the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) in the S...

Three different levels of hyperchloremia were induced in healthy Friesian calves to study the effects of chloride on blood oxygen transport. By infusion, the calves received either 5 ml/kg of 0.9% NaCl (low-level hyperchloremia; group A), 5 ml/kg of 7.5% NaCl (moderate hyperchloremia; group B), or 7.5 ml/kg of 7.5% NaCl (high-level hyperchloremia; group C). Blood was sampled from the jugular ve...

Blood oxygen transport and tissue oxygenation were studied in 28 calves from the Belgian White and Blue breed (20 healthy and 8 hypoxaemic ones). Hypoxaemic calves were selected according to their high respiratory frequency and to their low partial oxygen pressure (PaO2) in the arterial blood. Venous and arterial blood samples were collected, and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, adenosine triphosphate, ...

The mechanism by which CIactivates the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of Photosystem II (PS II) in spinach was studied by 3SCI-NMR spectroscopy and steady-state measurements of oxygen evolution. Measurements of the excess 35Cl-NMR linewidth in dark-adapted, CI--depleted thylakoid and Photosystem I1 membranes show an overall hyperbolic decrease which is interrupted by sharp increases in linewidth...

The influence of somatic growth and genetic selection on the whole blood oxygen equilibrium curve (OEC) was measured under standard conditions in double-muscled and dairy calves during their first 3 mo of life. Crossbreed animals were also investigated. Hemoglobin, 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG), Cl, and Pi concentrations were also measured. The percentage of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) was determined...

Amorphous thin film oxygen evolving catalysts, OECs, of first-row transition metals show promise to serve as self-assembling photoanode materials in solar-driven, photoelectrochemical `artificial leaf' devices. This report demonstrates the ability to use high-energy X-ray scattering and atomic pair distribution function analysis, PDF, to resolve structure in amorphous metal oxide catalyst films...

In the photosynthetic photosystem II, electrons are transferred from the manganese-containing oxygen evolving complex (OEC) to the oxidized primary electron-donor chlorophyll P680(•+) by a proton-coupled electron transfer process involving a tyrosine-histidine pair. Proton transfer from the tyrosine phenolic group to a histidine nitrogen positions the redox potential of the tyrosine between tho...