Cherry spruce rust causes huge yield losses in Norway seed production Fennoscandia. The causal agent, Thekopsora areolata, has three types of spores that disperse during spring: basidiospores are produced on basidia grow out from teliospores overwintered bird cherry leaf litter to infect new pistillate cones, aeciospores released old diseased cones leaves, and urediniospores leaves for reinfect...

In this paper we investigate one aspect of temporal entrainment in dialogue, namely how onsets of overlapped speech are timed with respect to syllable boundaries of the current speaker. Overlap initiation were found to be more frequent around syllable boundaries than at other locations within the syllable. Some evidence that the turn onset timing is also influenced by the regularity of the prec...

UNLABELLED Many DNA functional motifs tend to accumulate or cluster at specific gene locations. These locations can be detected, in a group of gene sequences, as high frequency 'peaks' with respect to a reference position, such as the transcription start site (TSS). We have developed a web tool for the identification of regions containing significant motif peaks. We show, by using different yea...

Finding and identifying characteristic or meaningful image sequences in a continuous video stream is a challenging task with many applications. This paper presents a new and efficient approach to these temporal segmentation and classification problems based on Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). The basic principle consists in continuously observing the output scores of the HMMs at every time step. Pe...

Samples were collected monthly at four fixed stations in Mida creek from May 1996 to April 1997, in order to determine the species composition, abundance and diversity of phytoplankton and zooplankton collected with 20and 332-μm mesh size plankton nets respectively. Sampling also included measurement of salinity and temperature. Peaks in phytoplankton abundance occurred in May and January, foll...

A description of the light curves of microlensed Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) as extended and expanding sources is presented. We give examples of what microlensing by stellar-mass Chang-Refsdal lenses can do to a small percentage of supernova light curves. We find that in addition to overall brightening, significant changes in light–curve shapes can also occur. Peaks can be distorted, plateaus c...

Let us call a lattice path in Z × Z from (0, 0) to (n, 0) using U = (1, k), D = (1,−1), and H = (a, 0) steps and never going below the x-axis a (k, a)-path (of order n). A super (k, a)-path is a (k, a)-path which is permitted to go below the x-axis. We relate the total number of humps in all of the (k, a)paths of order n to the number of super (k, a)-paths, where a hump is defined to be a seque...

We study the photoproduction of scalar mesons close to the threshold of f0(980) and a0(980) using a unitary chiral model. Peaks for both resonances show up in the invariant mass distributions of pairs of pseudoscalar mesons. A discussion is made on the photoproduction of these resonances in nuclei, which can shed light on their nature, a subject of continuous debate. PACS: 12.39.Fe, 13.60.Le, 2...

Extensive X-ray, optical and radio observations of the bright afterglow of the Gamma Ray Burst GRB 030329 are used to construct the spectral and temporal history of the event. The data are fitted using the standard fireball shock model to provide estimates of the initial energy, ε = 6.8×10 52 ergs sr −1 , the density of the ambient medium, n 0 = 1 cm −3 , the electron and magnetic energy densit...