Urologists often insist on sterile urine before invasive outpatient urological procedures, and urine culture and antibiotics are usually given before cystoscopy or instillation of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy, especially in patients who have positive urine cultures. Our experience suggests that cystoscopy and induction BCG therapy can be performed safely, even in patients with asymptom...

OBJECTIVES Outpatient hysteroscopy has become an integral part of postgraduate training in gynecology. It is an operator-dependent procedure, however there are no recommendations regarding total number of performed procedures to reach proficiency. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study aimed to assess the learning curve (LC) using cumulative summation test for learning curve (LC-CUSUM). RESULTS A ...

OBJECTIVE To determine obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) surgical volume, types, costs, and trends. To explore whether specific patient and hospital characteristics are associated with the performance of isolated palate versus hypopharyngeal surgery and with costs. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Inpatient and outpatient medical facilities in the United States. SUBJECTS AND METHOD...

the present study aims at locating the appropriate site for the training of medical students. it is argued that in community oriented medical education the training of medical students should take place where more patients come for consultation. this will result in students having a greater exposure to patients with a variety of medical problems. in order to find out the places where more patie...