This paper studies bank loans over the business cycles in Iran to determine the role of Iranian banks in stabilizing credit. By estimating the long-run relations using dynamic OLS and fully modified OLS estimators, the findings show that real bank lending is positively related to real GDP in the long-run providing evidences of the pro-cyclicality of bank lending in Iran. Hence, Iranian banking ...

As there is a vast advancement in the E-commerce technology, the use of credit cards has grown up. The credit card has become the crucial mode of payment so with the rise in the credit card transactions, the credit card frauds have also become frequent nowadays. [1] Thus, an improved fraud detection system has become essential to maintain the reliability of the payment system. The criterion is ...

Credit evaluation is one of the most important and difficult tasks for credit card companies, mortgage companies, banks and other financial institutes. Incorrect credit judgement causes huge financial losses. This work describes the use of an evolutionary-fuzzy system capable of classifying suspicious and non-suspicious credit card transactions. The paper starts with the details of the system u...

This paper analyzes the credit demand depression phenomenon resulting from long-term institutional supply rationing. Under the interaction between imperfect formal credit system and rural households’ risk aversion behavior, rural households will be discouraged to depress their credit demand or replace it with informal credit, which we call demand-side credit constraints. It find that about 33.7...

Brief introduced the concepts of credit and credit risk in e-commerce, analyzed the impact of credit risks in e-commerce. Gave out the basic contents of personal credit information and business credit information in e-commerce, and analyzed and pointed out the main factors that caused the security risks of e-commerce credit information. At last, proposed some technical and non-technical measure...

This paper develops a non-linear DSGE model to assess the interaction between ex-post interventions in credit markets and the build-up of risk ex ante. During a systemic crisis, bailouts to the financial sector relax balance sheet constraints and accelerate the economic recovery. Ex ante, the anticipation of such bailouts leads to an increase in risk-taking, making the economy more vulnerable t...

This paper develops a non-linear DSGE model to assess the interaction between ex-post interventions in credit markets and the build-up of risk ex ante. During a systemic crisis, bailouts to the financial sector relax balance sheet constraints and accelerate the economic recovery. Ex ante, the anticipation of such bailouts leads to an increase in risk-taking, making the economy more vulnerable t...

The financial system of the United States contains two large subsystems. The function of the first, generally referred to as monetary policy, is to control the total volume of credit for the purpose of aggregate economic stabilization. The second sub-system, which has no name, consists of a maze of regulations, institutions and tax practices designed to influence the allocation of credit, and h...

Farm Credit markets in the United States are excellent testimony to high performance over the long term in providing credit and related services to the farm sector, and to timely innovation of new financial institutions, instruments, and practices for meeting farmers' capital and credit needs. These markets evolved from strong reliance a century ago on country or frontier,banks, local merchants...