the hastening increase in the population of the cities ,lack of urban infrastructures ,shifting the land use and the consequent vanish of ecologically valuable lands in the countries ,industrial pollutions ,illegal settlement in the suburbs and other human activities which have influenced the growth of cities in iran too ,make it necessary to study and analyze the growth of rasht(the capital of...

6.2.1 The traditional role of municipal bodies had been one of providing basic amenities of civic life. Services such as water supply and sanitation, roads and drains, street-lights, collection and disposal of solid waste, maintenance of public places, burial grounds and crematoria, cattle pounds, registration of births and deaths, maintenance of markets have long been seen as the function of m...

In the context of ongoing transformations in society and globalization economic relations, objects spatial environment modern urban areas are also changing. The trend towards redevelopment or re-profiling direction greening increasing comfort living population is becoming more significant. These changes have become popular a number large cities Russia due to huge rate urbanization movement from...

This paper investigates possible solutions to the problem of urban orthophotography. Extensive work has been carried out to attain the best possible results, using all the existing software in the Department of Geomatic Engineering, University College London. Two of the most promising methods, which yield the best results, are analysed further. New routines were written in C language, as additi...

FOR MANY YEARS, poverty in urban areas of Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean has been identified by spatial area (e.g. settlement, neighbourhood, inner city) as often as it has been referred to by social group (e.g. low-income women, the homeless). This has perhaps given inadequate recognition to poverty differentiation within urban poor groups or, to put it another way, it has contr...

OBJECTIVE To investigate and compare feeding practices among infants of less than 7 months of age in a rural and an urban area in Tanzania. DESIGN Cross-sectional, questionnaire-based interview of mothers and focus group discussions with extension workers and community leaders. SETTING Eleven villages in a rural district and 10 wards in an urban district in the Morogoro region, Tanzania, we...

1. introduction nowadays, population increase, progress in science and technology and development of industrial installations with the shortage of places in metropolitan areas have made considerable changes in the morphology of watersheds. violation to territory of rivers, channels, and streams causes alterations in natural drainage pattern and overflowing due to the lower capacity of the chang...

Dynamically changing urban areas require periodic automatic monitoring, but urban areas include various objects and different objects show diverse appearances. This makes it difficult to effectively detect urban areas. A region-growing method using the Markov random field (MRF) model is proposed for urban detection. It consists of three modules. First, it provides an automatic urban seed object...

In a world in which the pace of cities is increasing, prompt access to relevant information is crucial to the understanding and regulation of land use and its evolution in time. In spite of this, characterization and regulation of urban areas remains a complex process, requiring expert human intervention, analysis and judgment. Here we carry out a spatio-temporal fractal analysis of a metropoli...