Multibit delta-sigma modulators are widely used in recent analog-to-digital converter (ADC) implementations [1, Chapter 8]. Due to their improved stability, they can achieve the same high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with lower order modulator and lower oversampling ratio (OSR), i.e. higher speed, than their singlebit counterparts. Also, the use of a multibit feedback relaxes slew-rate and settl...

BACKGROUND The treatment of chronic type B aortic dissection (CBAD) remains complicated. Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has supplanted open surgical repair (OSR) as the preferred surgical treatment for CBAD. Despite TEVAR's superior short-term results, much less is understood about its long-term outcomes. As much of the understanding of OSR originates from historical report, contem...

Sexual conflict over mating rate is both pervasive and evolutionarily costly. For females, the lifetime reproductive fitness costs that arise through interactions with potential mates will be influenced by the frequency of such interactions, and the fitness cost of each interaction. Both of these factors are likely to be influenced by variation in operational sex ratio (OSR) and population dens...

Introduction: Prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster), are a commonly used model of nonhuman social monogamy. Traditional monogamous systems are comprised of male-female pairs that share territory and care for offspring. Operational sex ratio (OSR), the relative ratio of males to females that are sexually receptive, can affect sexual selection, and in monogamous systems, OSR tend to be about 1:1. ...

The outdoor service robot which we call OSR-01 is presently under development intending for cleaning up urban areas by means of collecting discarded trash such as PET bottles, cans, plastic bags and so on. We, in this paper, describe the architecture of OSR-01 consisting of hardwares such as sensors, a manipulator, driving wheels, etc. for searching for and picking up trash, and softwares such ...

To identify prognostic factors for overall survival after recurrence (OSr) in endometrioid endometrial cancer (EC) patients and categorize patient subgroups that predict outcomes using these variables.Consecutive patients with recurrent endometrioid EC seen in our institution from 1989 to 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Cox regression models were used to identify the clinicopathological fac...

Operational sex ratio (OSR) has been traditionally thought of as a force imposing competition for mates rather than also a cue used to regulate the intrasexual competition individuals encounter. To assess whether eastern red-spotted newts, Notophthalmus viridescens, could appropriately compare OSRs, we quantified field responses to traps containing four males, a sexually receptive female, four ...

OBJECTIVES To systematically review studies comparing peri-operative mortality and length of hospital stay in patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (rAAAs) who underwent endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) to patients who underwent open surgical repair (OSR). METHODS The Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases were searched until Apr 30, 2013 using keywords such as...

The oversampling ratio (OSR) can be at most FS/(2 · FBW ) = 16. After examining the empirical SQNR limit versus OSR and modulator order [1], I saw that a single bit quantizer cannot meet the design specification, which leads me to consider a multi-bit quantizer. I chose to use a third order modulator with a 9-level quantizer, which can obtain at most 85dB SQNR. Considering SQNR degradation due ...

In monogamous animals, males are usually the predominant competitors for mates. However, a strictly monogamous pipefish Corythoichthys haematopterus exceptionally exhibits a reversed sex role. To understand why its sex role is reversed, we measured the adult sex ratio and the potential reproductive rate (PRR), two principal factors influencing the operational sex ratio (OSR), in a natural popul...