objective: based on problem based theory, this study investigated a broad array of putative protective factors associated with psychopathological symptoms and prosodical behaviour. methods: participants were 140 orphan adolescent girls and boys living in foster care homes in tehran, chosen with convenience sampling procedures. using a cross-sectional design this study examined the individual an...

materials and methods sixty mothers of children with adhd who referred to psychiatric outpatient clinic of ahvaz golestan hospital were selected by convenience sampling method. the parenting attitude, general health, and demographic data questionnaires were used. results forty two (70%) mothers were healthy and 18 (30%) were unhealthy. the pierson coefficient and the fisher’s exact test showed ...

BACKGROUND Orphan designated medicinal products benefit from regulatory and economic incentives for orphan drug development. Approximately 40% of orphan designations target rare neoplastic disorders, referring to rare cancers. In order to provide more insights in drugs for rare neoplastic disorders that are under development and to better understand the role of orphan designation in the develop...

1. Introduction 2. Economics of the pharmaceutical R&D process 2a. Costs and risks 2b. R&D returns 2c. The critical significance of patents in pharmaceuticals 3. The Orphan Drug Act of 1983 3a. Push and pull incentive programs 3b. Characteristics of the Orphan Drug Act 3c. Orphan drug designation and approvals 3d. Costs of orphan drugs 3e. Revenues from marketed orphan drugs 3f. Health benefits...

conclusions therapeutic intervention and parent management training improves parenting skill of abusive parents, and this might lead to fewer incidents of abuse or neglect. results participants included 73 children with the mean age of 6.9 ± 4.3 year, while the mean age of parents was 31.76 ± 6.52 year for the mothers and 38.07 ± 8.45 year for the fathers. general anxiety disorder (30.1%) and d...

BACKGROUND The Orphan Drug Act (1983) established several incentives to encourage the development of orphan drugs (ODs) to treat rare diseases and conditions. This study analyzed the characteristics of OD designations, approvals, sponsors, and evaluated the effective patent and market exclusivity life of orphan new molecular entities (NMEs) approved in the US between 1983 and 2007. METHODS Pr...