This paper investigates the development of a simple model for the optimization of codigestion not only using the Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) but also using the degradation kinetics. This study concerns an experimental work on the implementation and the operation of continuous reactors fed with different fruits and vegetables wastes at different organic loading rates. A simple model was ...

due to its wide industrial use, chromium is considered as a serious environmental pollutant. phytoremediation is an effective, economical and biocompatible method for remediation of contaminated soils. the present study is an attempt to assess the capability of populus alba l., for the phytoextraction of cr from a polluted loamy soil added with either cocopeat, litter and peatmoss as organic ma...

In the proximal tubules of rat (r) kidney, the polyspecific organic cation transporters (OCTs), rOCT1 and rOCT2, mediate the baso-lateral uptake of various organic cations, including many drugs, toxins, and endogenous compounds, and the apical type of H(+)/ organic cation antiporter, rat multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 (rMATE1), mediate the efflux of organic cations. Renal clearances of H(2) re...

Procedures based on micromolding in capillaries (MIMIC) were used to pattern a surface of a substrate with micrometerand submicrometer-scale structures. An elastomeric stamp made of poly(dimethylsiloxane) and having relief features in its surface was placed on a substrate; contact between the elastomeric stamp and the substrate formed a network of interconnected channels. A fluidsa precursor to...

Background: In acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation by Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 using corn-based substrate, the solvents are generally produced at a ratio of 3:6:1 (A:B:E, w/w). Results: A higher butanol/acetone ratio of 2.9:1 was found when cassava was used as the substrate of an in-situ extractive fermentation by C. acetobutylicum. This ratio had a 64% increment compared to t...

Slow equilibration of introduced chemicals through tortuous pore space limits uniform substrate distribution in soil biodegradation studies. The necessity of introducing poorly soluble xenobiotics via organic solvents, the volume of which is minimized to limit toxicity, likely also affects xenobiotic distribution. Our objective was to investigate relative effects of carrier solvent choice and v...

Extracellular enzymatic activities initiate microbially-driven heterotrophic carbon cycling in subsurface sediments. While measurement of hydrolytic activities in sediments is fundamental to our understanding of carbon cycling, these measurements are often technically difficult due to sorption of organic substrates to the sediment matrix. Most methods that measure hydrolysis of organic substrat...

Lipases are a group of enzymes naturally endowed with the property of performing reactions in aqueous as well as organic solvents. The esterification reactions using lipase(s) could be performed in water-restricted organic media as organic solvent(s) not only improve(s) the solubility of substrate and reactant in reaction mixture but also permit(s) the reaction in the reverse direction, and oft...

To test the hypothesized inhibition of high-latitude marine bacteria living at lower temperatures when organic matter is scarce, the effects of temperature and organic substrate concentration on pelagic microbial heterotrophy were investigated in the perennially cold surface waters of a summertime arctic polynya. Utilization (incorporation plus respiration) of radiolabeled amino acids was measu...

UNLABELLED Morphological stability is a key requirement for outdoor operation of organic solar cells. We demonstrate that morphological stability and lifetime of polymer/fullerene based solar cells under thermal stress depend strongly on the substrate interface on which the active layer is deposited. In particular, we find that the stability of benchmark PCDTBT/PCBM solar cells under modest the...