objectives: one of the most effective methods to describe speech disorders is the measurement of speech intelligibility. the speech intelligibility indicates the extent of acoustic signals that correctly speaker produces and hearer receives. the purpose of this study was to investigate the speech intelligibility in the persian children with down syndrome, age range was 3 to 5 years, who had spo...

background: irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) is a very common disorder. some researches have pointed to an interaction between psychiatric disorders and ibs. present study aimed to determine psychiatric disorders in patients with ibs compared to normal controls among an iranian population. materials and methods: all freshmen students (n=3012) of tehran university invited to the study at 2001. a t...

introduction: temporomandibular disorders (tmd) lead to masticatory muscle pain, jaw movement disability and limitation in mouth opening. pain is the chief complaint in 90% of the tmd patients which leads to disability and severe socioeconomic costs. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of low level laser therapy (lllt) compared to pharmacotherapy with nsaids (napro...

objective: carpal tunnel syndrome (cts) is the most frequent local neuropathy which often relapses despite treatment. this study is performed to determine the frequency of obsessive compulsive disorders in cts as a main reason for relapse in patients referring to electro-diagnosis clinic during year 2007. methods: in a case control study we considered two groups of subjects: with cts (cases) an...

two-hundred and seventeen subjects underwent transvaginal ultrasound -17 (8%) had unilateral polycystic ovary (pco). twelve percent of subjects with unilateral scan-pea had oligomenorrhea, 24% were amenorrheic, 23% were hirsute and 29% had acne. biochemical parameters were compared between subjects with unilateral scan- pco and those with bilateral scan- pco (n=200) as well as a group of scan-n...

Hypereosinophilic syndrome is a blood disorder characterized by the overproduction of eosinophils in the bone marrow with persistent peripheral eosinophilia, associated with organ damage by the release of eosinophilic mediators. Although HES can involve multiple organ systems, GI tract involvement is very rare. Few cases of HES presenting with gastritis or enteritis have been reported worldwide...

Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is a rare disorder of lymphocyte and histiocyte activation through cytokine dysfunction leading to widespread organ compromise. With widespread lymphocytic and histiocytic activation, it is known to cause considerable end-organ dysfunction quickly and with relatively few options for treatment.1 HPS has been associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human immunodefi...

Non-syndromic, multi-organ mitochondrial disorders (MIDs) are frequently missed if treating physicians are not aware of them. We report a 85 years old Caucasian male, referred for tonic-clonic seizures, presenting with a plethora of abnormalities, including neurodermitis, atopic dermatitis, diabetes, hypertension, renal insufficiency, non-specific colitis, urine bladder lithiasis, bilateral cat...

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), Osler-Weber-Rendu Syndrome, is an uncommon disease but may be present in many people who remain undiagnosed. It is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by multiple arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) and telangiectases that affect multiple organ systems. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia patients have a propensity for bleeding, especially ...