— We develop dynamical methods for studying left-orderable groups as well as the spaces of orderings associated to them. We give new and elementary proofs of theorems by Linnell (if a left-orderable group has infinitely many orderings, then it has uncountably many) and McCleary (the space of orderings of the free group is a Cantor set). We show that this last result also holds for countable tor...

In this paper, we first present new existence theorems of cone-supremum/infimum for directed convex and/or free disposal subsets in their closure. Then, we provide various conditions through which this kind of subsets admits a cone-maximum/minimum point, the so-called strongly maximal/minimal or ideal efficient points with respect to a cone. Next, we present a unifying result on the existence o...

The underlying mechanisms of polarization sensitivity (PS) have long remained elusive. For rhabdomeric photoreceptors, questions remain over the high levels of PS measured experimentally. In ciliary photoreceptors, and specifically cones, little direct evidence supports any type of mechanism. In order to promote a greater interest in these fundamental aspects of polarization vision, we examined...

We analyze the electronic structure of topological surface states in family magnetic insulators MnBi$_{2n}$Te$_{3n+1}$. show that, at natural-cleavage surfaces, Dirac cone warping changes its symmetry from hexagonal to trigonal ordering temperature. In particular, an energy splitting develops between same band index but opposite momenta upon formation long-range order. As a consequence, measure...

In this paper we prove some stochastic comparisons results for progressive type II censored order statistics. The problem of stochastically comparing concomitants of the two progressive type II censored order statistics with possibly different schemes, under different kinds of dependence between X and Y is considered and it is proved that if Y is stochastically increasing (decreasing) in X, ...

This manuscript is on the theory and numerical procedures of vector optimization w.r.t. various ordering structures, on recent developments in this area and, most important, on their application to medical engineering. In vector optimization one considers optimization problems with a vectorvalued objective map and thus one has to compare elements in a linear space. If the linear space is the fi...

this paper submitting the computation of optimize point of ordering in inventory control systems and particularly for continuous review of ordering system (r,q) by fuzzy logic method which similarly can be used for other ordering systems. since in the ordering models we cannot forecast the parameters like cost exactly, we have ambiguity. in this case using precise parameters may cause wrong dec...

has been considered. To the best of our knowledge, however, little has been done for the abstract difference equations see 7–9 . In this note, we will consider this problem. To this end, let X be a real Banach space and let K ⊂ X be a cone, then a Banach space X with a partial ordering ≤ induced by a coneK is called an ordered Banach space. On the other hand, we will denote the identity operato...

We study functions from reals to reals which are uniformly degree-invariant from Turing-equivalence to many-one equivalence, and compare them “on a cone.” We prove that they are in one-to-one correspondence with the Wadge degrees, which can be viewed as a refinement of the uniform Martin’s conjecture for uniformly invariant functions from Turingto Turing-equivalence. Our proof works in the gene...