background: the purpose of this study was to describe the knowledge and attitude of pregnant women in qazvin province, central iran, relating to oral hygiene. methods: the study group comprised of 760 pregnant women living in qazvin, center of iran in 2004. the questions were formulated to evaluate information without the need for dental examination. the age groups between 17-41 years old were ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS According to experimental data, a transdermal application is preferred by caregivers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients compared with oral medications. The AXEPT study compared compliance to treatment among community-dwelling patients with mild-to-moderate AD treated with transdermal application compared to oral medications and caregiver satisfaction in a real clinical setting...

Objective This study assessed the mode of application (oral, intravenous or subcutaneous (SC)) currently employed in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in patients from Qatar in comparison with patients' individual preferences for the mode of application of their treatment. Methods This study included 294 RA patients visiting three clinics at the main referral hospital in Qatar who were...

BACKGROUND Hypothyroidism can usually be treated effectively by oral levothyroxine supplementation. There are, however, some rare circumstances, when oral levothyroxine application is not sufficient, for example malabsorption, interactions with food or other medications, or various gastrointestinal diseases. CASE REPORT We present a 42 year old woman with refractory and severe symptomatic hyp...

Background: oral and maxillofacial pathology is one of the major courses in basic sciences relating dentistry to medicine and is the basis of learning many clinical sciences. Since the periodic evaluation is important in identifying issues and solving them, in this study, students’ opinions were used to gather useful information for better planning in this course. The purpose of this study is t...

fasting is a religious obligation, which can be challenging for individuals with oral conditions due to its stringent code of conduct. moreover, food abstinence during fasting can restrict oral feeding even further in patients whose nutrition has been already compromised. previous research has mainly concentrated on oral hygiene and gum health, disregarding orodental conditions and diseases. th...

oral malignant melanoma (omm) accounts for 5% of all oral malignancies. it is a rare aggressive neoplasm usually found on the hard palate and gingiva. the etiology is unknown, but tobacco and chronic irritation are suggested as probable causative factors. over 30% of the cases have been reported to arise from pre-existing pigmented lesions. a biopsy is required to establish the diagnosis and th...

background and aims. a correct diagnosis is the most important step in the treatment of oral lesions and each oral lesion has specific clinical features that provide clinical diagnosis; however, some of these features are common among different lesions. in these situations, biopsy and histopathological examination are indicated. the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between cli...

introduction the frequency of pediatric and adolescent oral and maxillofacial lesions is various in different societies. the present study aimed at investigating the frequency of oral and maxillofacial pediatric and adolescent biopsies in zahedan (southeast iran), and compare the results with other epidemiologic studies.methods and materials this retrospective study reviewed oral and maxillofac...