determining the optimal pattern for growing crops in accordance with the availability of the resources and risk factors as well as the uncertainty of agriculture sector would help the farmers, managers and economic planners in selecting the type of the product and the level of cultivation. fuzzy programming model with interval programming approach is used in this study to determine the optimal ...

Feature extraction is an important step of pattern recognition. This study uses profile based feature extraction and uses Simple Profile (with cropping and without cropping image samples), Contour based feature extraction for recognizing handwritten numerals. The features are computed by using 48 X 48 as a feature length classifier used Back propagation neural network for the classification.. T...

Segmented watermarking is an approach to multiple watermarking that can be used to acknowledge the contribution of multiple authors or to embed a fingerprint code-word, but is susceptible to cropping attacks that discard portions of the watermarked media. Careful selection of the watermark embedding pattern can increase the resilence of a segmented watermark in the presence of cropping attacks....

The multiple cropping is the main agricultural production pattern, including double cropping of rice in south China and double cropping of wheat and corn in north China. Household investigation, typical farmland survey and county statistics inspection were performed to analyze the status and countermeasure of nitrate pollution in China. The result showed that the nitrate rate of underground wat...

The Brazilian agro-industrial frontier in Mato Grosso rapidly expanded in total area of mechanized production and in total value of production in the last decade. This article shows the spatial pattern of that expansion from 2000 to 2010, based on novel analyses of satellite imagery. It then explores quantitatively and qualitatively the antecedents and correlates of intensification, the expansi...

Rice cropping systems not only characterize comprehensive utilization intensity of agricultural resources but also serve as the basis to enhance the provision services of agro-ecosystems. Yet, it is always affected by external factors, like agricultural policies. Since 2004, seven consecutive No.1 Central Documents issued by the Central Government have focused on agricultural development in Chi...