Quantitative analysis of atmospheric optical properties and surface reflectance can be performed by applying radiative transfer theory in the Atmosphere-Earth coupled system, for the atmospheric correction of hyperspectral remote sensing data. This paper describes a new physically-based algorithm to retrieve the aerosol optical thickness at 550 nm (τ(550)) and the surface reflectance (ρ) from a...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to describe a previously unreported manifestation of the optical Stiles-Crawford effect (oSCE) in normal eyes. METHODS In a cohort of 50 normal subjects, the directional reflectance of cones in the retinal periphery was explored by flood-illuminated adaptive optics (FIAO) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). RESULTS In 32 eyes (64%), off-axis FIAO im...

Vicarious calibration data screening method based on the measured atmospheric optical depth and the variance of the measured surface reflectance at the test sites is proposed. Reliability of the various calibration data has to be improved. In order to improve the reliability of the vicarious calibration data, some screenings have to be made. Through experimental study, it is found that vicariou...

The extreme ultraviolet (EUV) reflectance of amorphous tetrahedrally coordinated carbon films (ta-C) prepared by filtered cathodic vacuum arc was measured in the 30-188-nm range at near normal incidence. The measured reflectance of films grown with average ion energies in the ~70-140-eV range was significantly larger than the reflectance of a C film grown with average ion energy of ~20 eV and o...

In this paper, the morphology of chemically etched silicon with various concentration  is reported. The surface of Silicon (100) has pyramidal structures which can be used for anti-reflection applications in solar cells. Pyramidal structures can capture incident sun light therefore can enhance the efficiency of silicon solar cells. The structure of silicon pyramid was studied using scanni...

In this paper, titanium dioxide nano-particles were synthesized by sol-gel method in acidic atmosphere. The microstructure, morphology, optical band gap, and hydrophilicity of the sample were studied. Optical band gap of titanium dioxide was probed via Diffuse Reflectance Spectra (DRS) and contact angle (CA) was measured to investigate surface activity. XRD analysis was used to study crys...

Gold gyroid optical metamaterials are known to possess a reduced plasma frequency and linear dichroism imparted by their intricate subwavelength single gyroid morphology. The anisotropic optical properties are, however, only evident when a large individual gyroid domain is investigated. Multidomain gyroid metamaterials, fabricated using a polyisoprene-b-polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene oxide) triblo...

In this paper, we report the design, fabrication and testing of a new miniaturized optical sensor probe with "side viewing" capability for oblique incidence diffuse reflectance spectrometry. The sensor probe consists of a lithographically patterned polymer waveguides chip and two micromachined positioning substrates and source/collection fibers to achieve 45° light incidence and collection of s...