BACKGROUND Deep brain stimulation (DBS) requires precise and safe navigation to the chosen target. Optical measurements allow monitoring of gray-white tissue boundaries (total light intensity [TLI]) and microvascular blood flow during stereotactic procedures. OBJECTIVE To establish the link between TLI/blood flow and anatomy along trajectories toward the ventral intermediate nucleus (Vim) and...

this article reviews clinically relevant data regarding traumatic maculopathy (tm), frequently observed in clinical practice, especially due to sport or traffic accident injuries. it is characterized by transient gray-whitish retinal coloration and reduction of visual acuity (va) with closed, blunt object globe trauma of their prior. it may be limited to the posterior pole (berlin’s edema), o...

Objectives Longitudinal studies of the relationship between neighborhood change and changes in crime typically focus exclusively on net level key socio-demographic characteristics. Methods We instead propose a demographic accounting strategy that captures composition change: our measures capture which types people are more likely to leave, stay, or enter neighborhood. use data for 3,325 tracts ...

Micromachining arbitrary 3D silicon structures for micro-electromechanical systems can be accomplished using gray-scale lithography along with dry anisotropic etching. In this study we have investigated two important design limitations for gray-scale lithography: the minimum usable pixel size and maximum usable pitch size. Together with the resolution of the projection lithography system and th...

As the field of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) has diversified, a growing number of applications are limited by the current planar technology available for fabrication. Gray-scale technology offers a method of fabricating 3-D structures in MEMS utilizing a single lithography step. Before gray-scale technology can be accepted as a universal/standard fabrication technique, methods for co...

T pooling problem, which is fundamental to the petroleum industry, describes a situation in which products possessing different attribute qualities are mixed in a series of pools in such a way that the attribute qualities of the blended products of the end pools must satisfy given requirements. It is well known that the pooling problem can be modeled through bilinear and nonconvex quadratic pro...

We introduce a general-purpose method for optimising the mixing rate of advective fluid flows. An existing velocity field is perturbed in a C1 neighborhood to maximize the mixing rate for flows generated by velocity fields in this neighborhood. Our numerical approach is based on the infinitesimal generator of the flow and is solved by standard linear programming methods. The perturbed flow may ...

This paper presents a system for dense area based disparity estimation from binocular rectified image sequences with the integration of temporal evidence. The system is using dense 2D optical flow fields and timely displaced disparity estimates to reason about the observed 3D scene flow. This scene flow is then exploited to strengthen timely consistent observations in the disparity estimation. ...

AIR Project, INRIA, Rocquencourt B.P. 105, 78153 Le Chesnay CEDEX, France. Email [email protected], [email protected] Abstract. We present in this paper a motion computation and interpretation framework for oceanographic satellite images. This framework is based on the use of a non quadratic regularization technique in optical flow computation that preserves flow discontinuities. We a...