for dissemination) This deliverable presents the state-of-the-art on “Semantics Extraction from visual content”. We first give an overview of OCR methodologies dealing with visual content, namely image and video, that provide textual information. Although, this kind of analysis does not provide directly any semantics, it is a critical step involving visual content, which feeds BOEMIE’s module d...

This paper describes shortly a practical integrated system for scientific documents including mathematical formulae, named ‘Infty’. The system consists of three components of applications: an OCR system named ‘InftyReader’, an editor named ‘InftyEditor’ and converting tools into various formats. Those applications are linked each other via XML files. InftyReader recognizes scanned images of cle...

Though the quality of optical character recognition software is steadily improving, it is still far from being perfect. As a result, full-text databases that are lled by means of OCR software contain many errors. These errors have to be taken into consideration if such kind of databases are examined by means of full-text searches. In this chapter, we will illustrate some of the possible methods...

This article details the work undertaken by the National Library of Australia Newspaper Digitisation Program on identifying and testing solutions to improve OCR accuracy in large scale newspaper digitisation programs. In 2007 and 2008 several different solutions were identified, applied and tested on digitised material now available in the Australian Newspapers Digitisation Program beta service...

This paper describes two implementations in optical character recognition using template matching method and feature extraction method followed by support vector machine classification. With proper image preprocessing, the texts are segmented into isolated characters and the correlations between a single character and a given set of templates are computed to find the similarities and then ident...

Dense trajectories have been shown as a very promising method in the human action recognition field. In this paper, we propose a new kind of video descriptor, generated from the relationship between the trajectory’s optical flow with the gradient field in its neighborhood. Orientation tensors are used to accumulate relevant information over the video, representing the tendency of direction in t...

Abstract Optical character recognition (OCR) is process of classification of optical patterns contained in a digital image. The character recognition is achieved through segmentation, feature extraction and classification. This chapter presents the basic ideas of OCR needed for a better understanding of the book. The chapter starts with a brief background and history of OCR systems. Then the di...

In this paper we present for the first time, the development of a new system for the off-line optical recognition of the characters used in the Orthodox Hellenic Byzantine Music Notation, that has been established since 1814. We describe the structure of the new system and propose algorithms for the recognition of the 71 distinct character classes, based on Wavelets, 4-projections and other str...

Character recognition techniques associate a symbolic identity with the image of character. Character recognition is commonly referred to as optical character recognition (OCR), as it deals with the recognition of optically processed characters. The modern version of OCR appeared in the middle of the 1940's with the development of the digital computers. OCR machines have been commercially avail...

Optical Character Recognition or OCR is the electronic translation of handwritten, typewritten or printed text into machine translated images. It is widely used to recognize and search text from electronic documents or to publish the text on a website. OCR is the machine replication of human reading and has been the subject of intensive research for more than three decades. OCR can be described...