A fourfold increase in oxygen uptake by rabbit spermatozoa incubated in the rabbit uterus and a twofold increase in cock sperm¬ atozoa incubated in the hen's oviduct over ejaculated spermatozoa is the first reproducible biochemical change to be demonstrated in sperma¬ tozoa residing in the female genital tract. It was shown that these rapidly respiring spermatozoa were capacitated because they ...

The first two vocal tract resonances (R1 and R2) of 22 classically trained sopranos, altos, tenors, and baritones were measured while they sang four different vowels over their normal pitch range. The resonances of the tract and the harmonics of the voice were measured simultaneously by injecting a broadband acoustic current into the tract at their mouth. Sopranos were found to tune R1 close to...

Gliomas are the most common tumors in the optic nerve, chiasmal, and hypothalamic regions of the central nervous system (CNS). As such, they are the focus of this chapter. For completeness, the less common tumors of these regions—meningiomas and craniopharyngiomas—are also covered. Germ cell tumors can also occur in this region but are discussed in Chapter 7. GLIOMAS Gliomas that affect the opt...

The concept that solid tumors are maintained by a productive interplay between neoplastic and non-neoplastic elements has gained traction with the demonstration that stromal fibroblasts and immune system cells dictate cancer development and progression. While less studied, brain tumor (glioma) biology is likewise influenced by non-neoplastic immune system cells (macrophages and microglia) which...

This investigation was undertaken mainly to extend the observations of Eggerth and Gagnon (1933) and Weiss and Rettger (1937) on the occurrence of non-spore-forming, obligately anaerobic rod-shaped bacteria in the human intestine. Paths soon led to a study of relationships of the various organisms to each other, and of the gram-negative types to certain other closely related bacteria. A volumin...

In this study we describe the molecular and cellular characterization of a zebrafish mutant that develops tumors in the optic pathway. Heterozygous Tg(flk1:RFP)is18 transgenic adults develop tumors of the retina, optic nerve and optic tract. Molecular and genetic mapping demonstrate the tumor phenotype is linked to a high copy number transgene array integrated in the lincRNA gene lincRNAis18/Zv...

Abstract In the current study, we systematically review literature regarding management of optic pathway glioma (OPG). This will analyze demographics, information type treatment, radiological and clinical (visual) outcomes, also complications. Article selection was performed by searching PubMed, Web Science, Cochrane databases. Of 105 eligible studies, a total 4177 patients underwent different ...