statement of the problem: optical properties of the composite resins, concerning their translucency and thickness, are affected by discolored tooth structure or inherent darkness of the oral cavity. purpose: this study aimed to compare the translucency parameter (tp) of five different composite resins in different thicknesses and to evaluate their masking ability in black backgrounds. materials...

To mate, Candida albicans must undergo homozygosis at the mating type-like locus MTL[1, 2], then switch from the white to opaque phenotype [3, 4]. Paradoxically, when opaque cells are transferred in vitro to 37 degrees C, the temperature of their animal host, they switch en masse to white [5-7], suggesting that their major niche might not be conducive to mating. It has been suggested that phero...

Transparency in 3D graphics has traditionally been created by ordering the transparent objects from back-to-front with respect to the viewpoint, and rendering the opaque objects first and then the transparent objects in the prescribed order. This has three major disadvantages: need for splitting intersecting polygons, repeated ordering for varying view points, and finally, incorrect transparenc...

The response of the “perfect lens”, consisting of a slab of lossless material of thickness d with εs = μs = −1 at one frequency ω0 is investigated. It is shown that as time progresses the lens becomes increasingly opaque to any physical TM line dipole source located a distance d0 < d/2 from the lens and which has been turned on at time t = 0. Here a physical source is defined as one which suppl...

The pathogenic fungus Candida albicans can undergo phenotypic switching between two heritable states: white and opaque. This phenotypic plasticity facilitates its colonization in distinct host niches. The master regulator WOR1 is exclusively expressed in opaque phase cells. Positive feedback regulation by Wor1 on the WOR1 promoter is essential for opaque formation, however the underlying mechan...

A method is described for measuring transit time through the gut which requires the collection of only one stool. A dose of 20 radio-opaque markers is given to the subject on each of three consecutive days with breakfast, each dose of marker being of a different type. The first stool passed after rising on the fourth day is collected and its marker content analysed. The method has been validate...

Neither arbitrary horses, nor intentional lions, nor generic unicorns are animals, and would-be assistents do not have to be assistents.2 In fact, one may well wonder just what sort of objects the paraphrases in (0') are supposed to be about. Given their dubious ontological status, an analysis of (0) that can do without them ought to be preferrable to one along the lines of (0') – ceteris parib...

Byzantine-fault-tolerant service protocols like Q/U and FaB Paxos that optimistically order requests can provide increased efficiency and fault scalability. However, these protocols require n ≥ 5b + 1 servers (where b is the maximum number of faults tolerated), owing to their use of opaque Byzantine quorum systems; this is 2b more servers than required by some non-optimistic protocols. In this ...

Code obfuscation and software watermarking are well known techniques designed to prevent the illegal reuse of software. Code obfuscation prevents malicious reverse engineering, while software watermarking protects code from piracy. An interesting class of algorithms for code obfuscation and software watermarking relies on the insertion of opaque predicates. It turns out that attackers based on ...