Rocky shores provide a harsh environment for marine organisms and we briefly discuss natural sources of variation in community structure before considering anthropogenic impacts in detail. We review impacts caused by (a) acute disturbances: oil spills, toxic algal blooms and (b) chronic disturbances: nutrient pollution, oil, heavy metals, pesticides, antifouling paints, collecting, trampling/ha...

Work is presently carried out in Europe to change the status of the microwave radiometer, namely, to develop it from a research instrument to an operational instrument-especially for measuring oil pollution on the sea surface. The Technical University of Denmark (TUD), with its long experience in airborne microwave radiometry, is heavily involved in this process. The TUD multichannel imaging ra...

One of the principal components of the contaminant load in urban stormwater runoff is oil and grease (O&G) pollution, resulting from vehicle emissions. A mulch layer was used as a contaminant trap to remove O&G (dissolved and particulate-associated naphthalene, dissolved toluene, and dissolved motor oil hydrocarbons) from a synthetic runoff during a bench-scale infiltration study. Approximately...

Millions of barrels of crude oil gushed freely from these wells, creating oil lakes in low-lying areas of the desert. Lakes were formed at more than 500 different locations, covering a total area initially estimated at 49 km. While the Kuwait Oil Company (KOC) has recovered 22.5 million barrels of the spilled crude; the remaining amount, is considered unrecoverable by standard methods. An estim...

1. Introduction This paper presents the EU-MOP project (Elimination Units for Marine Oil Pollution) based on the design of an intelligent and autonomous robot system to respond to oil spills. The innovative factor of the EU-MOP project is focused on the functional autonomy and an information system for the tactical management and independent strategy during the operations scenario.

Beached bird surveys have been widely used to monitor the impact of oil pollution in the oceans. However, separating the combined effects of oil pollution, environmental variables and methodological aspects of beach monitoring on seabird stranding patterns is a challenging task. The effects of a comprehensive set of oceanographic and climatic variables and oil pollution on seabird strandings in...