Previous economic analyses focused on relationships between crude oil and natural gas markets centered primarily on demand-side considerations. We provide evidence that two important supply-side connections play important roles in understanding crude oil and natural gas market integration. First, crude oil production and natural gas production require a common capital input: rotary drilling rig...

Starch is one of the most widely used biopolymers in water based drilling fluids to control fluid loss. The thermal stability of starch in common drilling fluids is low (93 °C). In this study, the thermal stability of starch has been evaluated in sodium/potassium formate and potassium chloride fluids. Samples of mud were prepared by formate salts (sodium and potassium) and potassium chloride wi...

An experimental apparatus has been developed to measure the CO 2 solubility in water, brines, polymer solutions, white oil and drilling fluids using sample analysis method. The results show that electrolytes can significantly reduce of water salting-out effect be enhanced by increasing molar concentration salt ions. influences different polymers are similar, which gas a certain extent. Furtherm...

optimization of drilling fluid parameters such as mud weight, salt concentration, and temperature is essential to alleviate instability problems during drilling through shale sections. the selection of suitable mud parameters can benefit from analyses that consider significant instability processes involved in shale-drilling–fluid interactions. this paper describes the development of analytical...

The past decade has seen increased focus on nanoparticle (NP) based drilling fluid to promote wellbore stability in shales. With the plugging of NP into shale pores, the fluid pressure transmission can be retarded and wellbore stability can be improved. For better understanding of the interaction between shale and NP based drilling fluid based on previous pressure transmission tests (PTTs) on A...

Problems such as well loss and collapses in deep shale gas drilling are most often due to the development of cracks formation, resulting significant leaks fluid, sticking burrowing tools, other engineering accidents. In addition, horizontal sections wells very long issues friction, rock transport, formation contamination loom large. As a result, performance fluids directly affects efficiency, a...

It is not possible to directly measure the total mass of gas and liquid in the annulus and geological properties of the reservoir during petroleum exploration and production drilling. Therefore, these parameters and states must be estimated by online estimators with proper measurements. This paper describes a nonlinear Moving Horizon Observer to estimate the annular mass of gas and liquid, and ...

The narrow operating window between pore pressure and fracture pressure makes drilling difficult in some operations. A feasibility study of managed pressure drilling (MPD) is carried out on Iran Darquain oil field. The previous wells drilled in this field showed that mud returns were lost during drilling Gadvan formation. The present work addresses this problem by means of surface back pressure...

The drilling time data of gas logging are used to calculate drilling time ratio of the reservoir, and the total hydrocarbon data are used to calculate hydrocarbon contrast coefficient and to establish the drilling time ratio--hydrocarbon contrast coefficient crossplot. The standards of distinguishing the boundaries of hydrocarbon zones, hydrocarbonaceous water layers and dry layers are determin...