The increasing adoption of dicamba-tolerant soybean ( Glycine max ) increases the potential exposure wine grape Vitis sp.) to dicamba, which off-target injury may occur via particle drift or vapor drift. In Missouri, at one site in 2017 and two sites 2018, research production vineyards focused on effects dicamba hybrid ‘Vidal blanc’ grapevines. During flowering early fruit set, bearing grapevin...

Dry forests are common, although highly threatened in the Neotropics. Their ecological processes are mostly influenced by rainfall pattern, hence their cycles exhibit contrasting phases. We studied the phenology of canopy trees in a primary dry forest in Western Brazil in the foothills of the Urucum mountain chain, in order to improve our knowledge on the functioning of these poorly-known fores...

What is the flowering transition? It marks the end of vegetative growth and the beginning of reproductive development in flowering plants. The physiological changes that cause it are referred to as floral induction. What is SAM? The shoot apical meristem — a group of undifferentiated progenitor cells that occupies the tip of the stem. It gives rise to both vegetative organs (leaves) and reprodu...

The present study was conducted in order to investigate the effect of salicylic acid on growth, yield and macro-elements absorption of fennel in split-plot as base on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in Tehran, Iran. Irrigation regime as main plot was undergone in 5 levels that included: I1: full irrigation, I2: cut off irrigation at stem elo...

The aim of this study was to quantify possible differences in countermovement jump (CMJ) height, sprint performance and underlying mechanical properties as a function of time during a soccer season. Fortyfour male professional soccer players were identified in the Norwegian Olympic Federation’s test database. Each of these players had performed 40-m sprint and CMJ tests at least once within pre...

The majority of pollinating insects are generalists whose lifetimes overlap flowering periods of many potentially suitable plant species. Such generality is instrumental in allowing exotic plant species to invade pollination networks. The particulars of how existing networks change in response to an invasive plant over the course of its phenology are not well characterized, but may shed light o...

The objective of this study was to analyse the phenological events in the herbaceous and subshrub layer in relation to rainfall and the dispersion syndromes of the species at a Campo Sujo community in the Agua Limpa Farm (FAL), Brasília-DF. Campo Sujo is a grassland Savannah with a few scattered shrubs and small trees. The climate is Aw by Köppen classification with a mean annual precipitation ...

Most rewardless orchids engage in generalized food-deception, exhibiting floral traits typical of rewarding species and exploiting the instinctive foraging of pollinators. Generalized food-deceptive (GFD) orchids compete poorly with rewarding species for pollinator services, which may be overcome by flowering early in the growing season when relatively more pollinators are naive and fewer compe...

The genetic basis of phenotypic traits is of great interest to evolutionary biologists, but their contribution to adaptation in nature is often unknown. To determine the genetic architecture of flowering time in ecologically relevant conditions, we used a recombinant inbred line population created from two locally adapted populations of Arabidopsis thaliana from Sweden and Italy. Using these RI...

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is a botanically indeterminate plant where flowering, fruit initiation, and pod maturity occurs over an extended time period during the growing season. As a result, the maturity and size of individual peanut pods vary considerably at harvest. Immature kernels that meet commercial edible size specifications negatively affect quality during processing due to their increa...