Testable software has two inherent properties – observability and controllability. Observability facilitates observation of internal behavior of software to required degree of detail. Controllability allows creation of difficult-to-achieve states prior to execution of various tests. In this paper, we describe COTT, a Controllability and Observability Testing Tool, to create testable object-orie...

We show that for conditional planning with partial observability the existence problem of plans with success probability 1.0 is 2-EXP-complete. This result completes the complexity picture for nonprobabilistic propositional planning. We also give new more direct and informative proofs for the EXP-hardness of conditional planning with full observability and the EXPSPACE-hardness of conditional p...

In most industrial processes that use electrical energy as a source of tension or current, requiring a power circuit to control of these physical states.This paper deals with observability problems of the parallel multi-cell chopper. This type of choppers is a new DC/DC static power converter. After modeling of the power converter, its hybrid dynamical behavior and properties are highlighted. T...

Observability is a fundamental system-theoretic property which reflects the possibility of estimating internal states on the basis of input/output data. In the context of nonlinear systems, various possible ways of formalizing this property give rise to different, nonequivalent, notions. These notions differ mainly in the choice of inputs used in testing observability (see for instance a discus...

Modern measurement schemes for linear dynamical systems are typically designed so that different sensors can be scheduled to be used at each time step. To determine which sensors to use, various metrics have been suggested. One possible such metric is the observability of the system. Observability is a binary condition determining whether a finite number of measurements suffice to recover the i...

This paper is concerned with the study of observability in a structured framework. It turns out that the system is structurally observable if and only if the system is output connected and contains no contraction. We focus our attention on the observability preservation under sensor failure. We consider linear observable systems and we wonder if a given system remains observable in case of sens...

Learning accurate models of agent behaviours is crucial for the purpose of controlling systems where the agents’ and environment’s dynamics are unknown. This is a challenging problem, but structural assumptions can be leveraged to tackle it effectively. In particular, many systems exhibit mixed observability, when observations of some system components are essentially perfect and noiseless, whi...