Most of data in a multi attribute decision making (MADM) problem are unstable and changeable, and thus sensitivity analysis can effectively contribute to making proper decisions. Here, we offer a new method for sensitivity analysis of multi-attribute decision making problems so that by changing one element of decision making matrix, we can determine changes in the results of a decision making p...

  Bi-level programming, a tool for modeling decentralized decisions, consists of the objective(s) of the leader at its first level and that is of the follower at the second level. Three level programming results when second level is itself a bi-level programming. By extending this idea it is possible to define multi-level programs with any number of levels. Supply chain planning problems are co...

With the development of social spiritual civilization, people pay more and attention to physical health. The construction sports facilities is an important way improve national quality, which helps promote exercise. So, demands around world are in climax. blind crazy expansion can alleviate people’s demand for exercise a certain extent, but there also risks environmental damage economic waste. ...

Many real projects complete through the realization of one and only one path of various possible network paths. Here, these networks are called alternative stochastic networks (ASNs). It is supposed that the nodes of considered network are probabilistic with exclusive-or receiver and exclusive-or emitter. First, an analytical approach is proposed to simplify the structure of t...

Multi-converter system is mainly used in advanced automotive systems. Different converters and inverters are taking part systems to provide different voltage levels a multi-converter system. It involves constant load (CVL), power (CPL) other loads. The CPL such offers negative impedance characteristic it creates destabilizing effect on the main converter. of destabilization can be reduced by in...

In a bilevel decision problem, the leader at the upper level attempts to optimize his/her objective, the follower at the lower level tries to find an optimized strategy according to each of possible decisions made by the leader. A bilevel decision problem may involve fuzzy demands which appear either in the objective functions or constraints of the leader or the follower or both. Furthermore, t...