Android applications are frequently plagiarized or maliciously repackaged, and so‰ware obfuscation is a popular protection against these practices. In this study, we present the €rst comprehensive analysis of the use and challenges of so‰ware obfuscation in Android applications. We surveyed 308 Google Play developers about their experiences with obfuscation, €nding that the free ProGuard so‰war...

A central theme emerging from recent research on party competition is that political actors sometimes remain deliberately opaque in their communication. This phenomenon has been investigated under labels such as position-blurring, ambiguity, issue clarity or ideological clarity. In this paper we propose a distinction between two concepts are conflated literature: ambiguity and vagueness. While ...

Abstract Referentially vague (or ‘ignorance’) indefinites are known to exhibit apparently conflicting behavior: in the singular, they referentially (Giannakidou and Quer 2013, Alonso-Ovalle Menéndez-Benito 2010, 2011, 2013), but plural appear depend on a discourse given set. The phenomenon is typically discussed context of Spanish algún/algunos (Gutiérrez-Rexach 2001, Martí 2008, 2009); this pa...

Program code is a precious asset to its owner. Due to the easyto-reverse nature of Java, code protection for Android apps is of particular importance. To this end, code obfuscation is widely utilized by both legitimate app developers andmalware authors, which complicates the representation of source code or machine code in order to hinder the manual investigation and code analysis. Despite many...

Recent advances in program obfuscation suggest that it is possible to create software that can provably safeguard secret information. However, software systems usually contain large executable code that is updated multiple times and sometimes very frequently. Freshly obfuscating the program for every small update will lead to a considerable efficiency loss. Thus, an extremely desirable property...

Vagueness is not undecidability, but undecidability does enter into an explanation of why there is vagueness. My theory, called the Undecidability Theory of Vagueness, explains vagueness largely as a result of the fact that we are computationally bound.1 Vagueness is not due to any particularly human weakness, but due to a weakness that any computationally bound agent possesses; even HAL from 2...

In this paper we survey the current literature on code obfuscation and review current practices as well as applications. We analyze the different obfuscation techniques in relation to protection of intellectual property and the hiding of malicious code. Surprisingly, the same techniques used to thwart reverse engineers are used to hide malicious code from virus scanners. Additionally, obfuscati...