Figure 2: Average z-score of the top 5 correlation coeff. in left motor cortex, right motor cortex used as the seed region a) The constant-time experiment with 5 combinations of (TR, Ntp). Solid line is the fit to the equation y=c√Ntp, c is a constant). b) The constant Ntp experiment with 5 combinations of (TR, Acq. time). Temporal Resolution in Resting State Time-series Acquisitions for Functi...

IMPORTANCE There is no universally accepted quantitative metric that defines the ideal nasal tip rotation and projection. OBJECTIVE To identify the ideal nasal tip projection (NTP) and rotation by using 3 classic NTP methods (Crumley 1, Crumley 2, and Goode). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Lateral facial portraits of normal-appearing white women aged 18 to 25 years were selected from a p...

Genesis of the NTP In the history of modern toxicology, few years have been more consequential than 1978—the year the National Toxicology Program (NTP) came into being. On 7 August 1978, following months of reports of serious health problems near a chemical dump site at Love Canal, New York, former President Jimmy Carter declared a federal health emergency to facilitate clean up and the relocat...

During transcription by RNA polymerase (RNAP) II, the incoming ribonucleoside triphosphate (NTP) enters the catalytic center in association with an Mg2+ ion, termed metal B [Mg(B)]. When bound to RNAP II, Mg(B) is coordinated by the beta and gamma phosphates of the NTP, Rpb1 residues D481 and D483 and Rpb2 residue D837. Rpb2 residue D837 is highly conserved across species. Notably, its neighbor...

During transcription initiation by RNA polymerase (Pol) II, a transient open promoter complex (OC) is converted to an initially transcribing complex (ITC) containing short RNAs, and to a stable elongation complex (EC). We report structures of a Pol II-DNA complex mimicking part of the OC, and of complexes representing minimal ITCs with 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7 nucleotide (nt) RNAs, with and without a ...

Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE; CASRN 90045-36-6) is a commonly used herbal supplement. A comprehensive toxicological assessment by the NTP identified GBE as hepatotoxic. The constituents of GBE can vary across lots, hence the question arises as to how representative the lot tested by NTP is of other lots of GBE and by extension to what degree the results of the NTP hazard characterization are more...

The NTP is evaluating several lines of genetically altered mice for possible use in identifying and assessing carcinogens. The NIEHS/NTP programs and progress in this area were recently reviewed by the NTP Board of Scientific Counselors (BSC). A number of comments and concerns were raised. This commentary summarizes and responds to the BSC review and offers some thoughts on future directions fo...

Since the establishment of the National Toxicology Program (NTP), there have been gradual changes in strategies to evaluate the overall toxicity of chemicals as well as their carcinogenic potential. The spectrum of toxicologic information sought on selected chemicals has been broadened by the multidisciplinary approach to evaluating chemicals. This paper describes the scientific rationale and e...

program prior to designing and conducting toxicology studies. The purpose of the research concept document is to outline the general elements of a research program that would address the specific public health concerns that prompted the nomination of the substance or issue for study. It may also encompass substance-specific studies that address larger public health issues or topics in toxicolog...