This work compares NPN and PNP SiGe HBTs fabricated simultaneously using Ge' implantation in the base to achieve an average Ge concentration of 4at.%. Electrical measurements are presented and discussed with TEM and SIMS analysis. The results show that the PNP HBTs give superior performance to the NPNs, as they have more ideal collector characteristics. The NPN HBTs exhibit collector-emitter le...

Two experiments were conducted to determine the influence of supplemental nonprotein N (NPN) provided daily (D) or every other day (2D) on ruminant performance and N efficiency. Treatments included an unsupplemented control (CON) and a urea (28.7% CP) or biuret (28.6% CP) supplement provided D or 2D at 0700. In Exp. 1, five wethers (39 +/- 1 kg BW) were used in an incomplete 5 x 4 Latin square ...

It is shown that there is a second properly normalized KNO scaling function, nPn(n/n̄) = φ(z), which has certain advantages in the analysis of KNO scaling. First, the nPn are not influenced by the statistical and systematic uncertainties of n̄ hence φ(z) provides more selective power than the original KNO scaling function n̄Pn(n/n̄) = ψ(z). Second, the new scaling function generates scale parameter...

A novel insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) entitled NPN aided fast switching IGBT (NFS-IGBT) with a P-buffer layer is presented, which enhances the switching speed greatly. Compared with the conventional IGBT, double sided NPN structure is incorporated into the anode to facilitate the turn-off process. The proposed structure is verified by two-dimensional mixed device-circuit simulation, ...

An NPN-based temperature sensor with digital output transistors has been realized in a 65-nm CMOS process. It achieves a batch-calibrated inaccuracy of ±0.5 C (3σ) and a trimmed inaccuracy of ±0.2 C (3σ) over the temperature range from −70 C to 125 C. This performance is obtained by the use of NPN transistors as sensing elements, the use of dynamic techniques, i.e. correlated double sampling an...

Skeletal abnormalities consisting of shortened long bones, enlarged joints and splayed front feet in newborn calves were associated with cows fed apple pomace supplemented with nonprotein nitrogen (NPN) during late gestation. Measurements of x-ray films of the metacarpus and lumber vertebrae from 86 calves in three trials showed that calves from dams fed apple pomace and NPN had longer, thicker...

Negative-positive-neutral logic provides an alternative framework for fuzzy cognitive maps development and decision analysis. This paper reviews basic notion of NPN logic and NPN relations and proposes adaptive approach to causality weights assessment. It employs linguistic models of causality weights activated by measurement-based fuzzy cognitive maps’ concepts values. These models allow for q...

NrCAM is a neural cell adhesion molecule of the L1 family that has been linked to autism spectrum disorders, a disease spectrum in which abnormal thalamocortical connectivity may contribute to visual processing defects. Here we show that NrCAM interaction with neuropilin-2 (Npn-2) is critical for semaphorin 3F (Sema3F)-induced guidance of thalamocortical axon subpopulations at the ventral telen...

This paper aims to develop an open Asset Administration Shell (AAS) solution for 5G Non-Public Network (NPN) management, focusing on manufacturing digitization and complete Information Operational Technology (IT/OT) convergence. The proposed NPN framework is evaluated in a factory-like simulation scenario considering network slicing I4.0, demonstrates the outlook of communication industrial dom...