Orientation of classrooms is an important challenge in architectural design of a school. However, there is a lack of appropriate knowledge about influence of orientation on students’ perception of daylighting in classrooms. This paper presents a questionnaire survey that was conducted to compare students’ perception and satisfaction with daylighting in classrooms of a high school in...

We build a quality ladders product cycle model with Northern innovation, Northern imitation, and Southern imitation. Our model generalizes Grossman and Helpman (1991a) to allow Northern imitation. Similar to Segerstrom (1991), successful Northern imitators collude with innovators. Changes in resources and R&D subsidies generate substitution in Northern R&D between innovation and imitation and s...

silvicultural operation need to notice the species diversity. to this study gomarlang district in marivan region, northern zagros forest was selected. in this study 30 circle sample plots (500 m2) were collected by random method. in every sample plot the kind of species and number of trees and shrub were recorded. in the sample plots the micro plots of 5 m by 5 m (i.e. area of 25 m2) were desig...

for maintaining of zagros forests role in wild life, water and soil conservation, the suitable solutions and methods for assessing the existing conditions and planning for management of this forests should be given. to detection of suitable sampling method to study tree density in the northern zagros forest, blake forest, in baneeh region, kurdistan province, and west of iran was selected. 40 s...

the genus syntretus foerster of the subfamily euphorinae (hym.: braconidae) is recorded from iran for the first time. the specimens were collected using malaise traps from different habitats of northern provinces during 2010 and 2011. two species, s. ocularis van achterberg & haeselbarth and s. xanthocephalus (marshall) were collected and identified. a brief discussion about diagnostic char...

silvicultural operation need to notice the plant species diversity in forest. to this study gomarlang district in marivan region, northern zagros forest was selected. selected 100 ha area because have similar physiography condition (north aspect and 1650 to 1800 m s.a.l. in study area 100 micro plots of 5m by 5 m (25 m2) including the species and the numbers of this species randomized-systemati...

Objective: Aflatoxin G1 and G2, are highly toxic and carcinogenic secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus fungi sampling was done according to "CBS" instructions from indoor and outdoor stations. Methods: In HPLC measuring, we first purified our sample of all  Aflatoxins, We used imonoaffinty columns, Fina...

Objective: Aflatoxin G1 and G2, are highly toxic and carcinogenic secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus fungi sampling was done according to "CBS" instructions from indoor and outdoor stations. Methods: In HPLC measuring, we first purified our sample of all  Aflatoxins, We used imonoaffinty columns, Fina...