The technique of estimating the complex frequency components a signal in presence noise based on assumptions about number is known as estimation. problem estimation appears when we receive from transmitter with frequency, and it often radar, sonar, etc. applications. This has been dealt by various techniques algorithms. research shows methods used researchers to estimate paper discusses between...

Radiation therapy has emerged as a useful alternative therapy for patients with early-stage, non-resectable lung cancer. In patients whose malignancies are difficult to localize on computed tomography imaging, such therapy becomes difficult. Fiducial markers are frequently placed in peripheral pulmonary lesions to assist radiation therapy. Although placement of markers under linear endobronchia...

The public fear of radiation is in part driven by the Linear No Threshold Hypothesis (LNTH), or the concept that each and every ionization increases the risk for cancer. Even if this were true, it is important to recognize that the increased risk is very small at low doses and cannot be detected. This paper demonstrates the large number of assumptions and extrapolations needed when using the LN...

abstract during these protracted years, mankind’s main foods consist of grains-specially wheat, oats and rice. granary production and its storage have been one of the main concerns of a human being for a long time. microwave radiation as a safe insect control agent could secure high mortality rate of insect population by increasing the temperature of insects’ body and its niche. low temperature...

We consider both stationary and time dependent heat equation for a non-convex body or a collection of disjoint conductive bodies with Stefan-Boltzmann radiation condition on the surface. The main virtue of the resulting problem is non-locality of the boundary condition due to self-illuminating radiation on the surface. Moreover, the problem is non-linear and in the general case also non-coerciv...

Flows involving two disks have significant applications in heat exchangers, rotating machinery parts, data storage devices, oceanography and viscometers. In this investigation, mass transfer characteristics are examined Casson flow between orthogonally moving disks, with nonlinear thermal radiation under the slip convective conditions, using powerful tool of similarity transformation. A MATLAB ...

this paper presents a new numerical method for solution of eikonal equation in two dimensions.in contrast to the previously developed methods which try to define the solution surface by its level sets(contour curves), the developed methodology identifies the solution surface by resorting to its characteristics. the suggested procedure is based on the geometric properties of the solution surface...

in this paper, the dynamic simulation for a high pressure regulator is performed to obtain the regulator behavior. to analyze the regulator performance, the equation of motion for inner parts, the continuity equation for diverse chambers and the equation for mass flow rate were derived. because of nonlinearity and coupling, these equations are solved using numerical methods and the results are ...