introduction: dna extraction methods are very important for genetics research and diagnostic tests. in these methods are also important for detecting genetic diseases or in cancers for investigating genetic changes during cancer progression or treatment. therefore, selection of the best method for dna extraction from different samples such as bone marrow (bm) or peripheral blood (pb) and their ...

lymphomas are solid malignant tumors having a wide spectrum of clinical and pathological features. non-hodgkin’s lymphoma (nhl) is a subtype of lymphoma with two-thirds of the cases presenting as lymph node enlargement. the remaining one third of nhl cases has been reported in the extranodal sites, including the gastro intestinal tract, waldeyer’s ring, bone, skin, and brain. intraoral non-hodg...

Feature extraction is a very important preprocessing step for classification of hyperspectral images. The linear discriminant analysis (LDA) method fails to work in small sample size situations. Moreover, LDA has poor efficiency for non-Gaussian data. LDA is optimized by a global criterion. Thus, it is not sufficiently flexible to cope with the multi-modal distributed data. We propose a new fea...

BACKGROUND The norms of Pakistani female patients differ from other Asian patients, this difference should be considered during diagnosis and treatment planning and they should be treated with different protocols in terms of tooth extraction and non-extraction treatments. The present study will provide clinical guidelines to assist in the decision-making process for borderline patients when con...