Amendment of saline soils with biochar and rhizobacteria is a new technique to diminish the negative impacts salt stress on plants. Hence, an original pot experiment was conducted in glass greenhouse at University Tabriz investigate performance salt-stressed (0, 6 12 dS m?1 NaCl) rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) plants response different biochar-related treatments (non-biochar, biochar, biochar-bas...

Co-operation of the endogenous and exogenous defense system maintains redox homeostasis and is essential for health. The endogenous defense system includes enzymatic (e.g. superoxide dismutase, catalase) and non-enzymatic, low molecular-weight scavengers (e.g. glutathione, ascorbic acid). Pathogenesis of many serious diseases (e.g. cancer, ischemic heart disease) includes oxidative stress which...

The response of enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; glutathione peroxidase, GPX and glutathione reductase, GR) and non-enzymatic responses (glutathione, GSH, oxidized glutathione, GSSG and GSH/GSSG) against acute Cu toxicity (2-90μg/mL for 48h) in different tissues of Lymnaea stagnalis were measured. Incubation conditions for enzymatic activity measurements were optimized for L...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease with an unknown etiology, whicheffects on many tissues and organs. Therefore, the present study aimed to demonstrate role of therheumatoid in causing oxidative stress by studying level balance between MalondialdehydeMDA (as indicator oxidation) non-enzymatic enzymatic antioxidants blood serumof 95 patients both sexes, whose ag...

Despite being a plant by-product, chokeberry pomace is believed to exert some therapeutic effects because it is one of the richest sources of highly bioavailable non-enzymatic antioxidants. The aim of this study was to determine the functionality of bioactive compounds present in the Aronia melanocarpa pomace (chokeberry) based on enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters related to the active def...

Free radicals are substances normally produced by the human body as one of the defense mechanisms against harmful substances. When the rate of their production exceeds the antioxidant capacity of the body, oxidative stress occurs. Oxidative stress carries harmful effects to all the body systems and is implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases including hypertension, atherosclerosis, di...

The aim of the study was to evaluate oxidative stress in cows undergoing normal parturition and cows suffering from dystocia. The erythrocytic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, plasma vitamin A and ß-carotene concentrations, and paraoxonase PON1 activity were lowered (P<0.001, P<0.01, 0.05, and 0.05, respectively) in cows with dystocia compared to normal calving cows. The erythrocytic m...

Now-a-days, there is an increased occurrence of various diseases like cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, cancer, diabetes and autoimmune disease due to the presence of free radicals. Bandyopadhyay et al. [1]. Antioxidant is defined as the agent that neutralizes the effect produced by free radical Fang Y et al. [2]. The antioxidant can be classified into two categories, namely enzym...

infertility is one of the most stressful conditions amongst married couples. male factor infertility is implicated in almost half of these cases. recent advances in the field of reproductive medicine have focused the attention of many researchers to consider reactive oxygen species (ros) as one of the mediators of infertility causing sperm dysfunction. although, ros is involved in many physiolo...