We use mathematical models to investigate the relationship between viral characteristics and virus load under the following immune responses: (a) CTL-mediated lysis, (b) CTLmediated inhibition of virus entry into target cells, (c) CTL-mediated inhibition of virion production and (d) antibody responses. We find that the rate of virus entry into target cells may generally only have a weak influen...

HBV is a hepatotropic and non-cytopathic virus that causes more than one million deaths annually from liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. As the virus itself is non-cytopathic, it is widely accepted that both viral control and liver pathology are mediated by the host immune system. Until recently, the focus has been on the crucial role of adaptive immune responses in controlling HBV i...

HIV-1 is cytopathic for CD4(+) T lymphocytes in vitro and this property of HIV-1 is generally considered to account for some of its in vivo cytopathogenicity. Thus, the extent of lymphocyte depletion correlates with the level of viremia whereas low levels of viral replication are typically associated with stable lymphocyte levels and asymptomatic infection such as is observed in non-progressors...

We use mathematical models to investigate the relationship between viral characteristics and virus load under the following immune responses: (a) CTL-mediated lysis, (b) CTLmediated inhibition of virus entry into target cells, (c) CTL-mediated inhibition of virion production and (d) antibody responses. We find that the rate of virus entry into target cells may generally only have a weak influen...

A cytopathic agent was isolated in a baby hamster kidney (BHK)-21 cell-line from blood samples of cross-bred sheep showing typical bluetongue symptoms at Avikanagar in Rajasthan State, India. The cytopathic agent was identified as a bluetongue virus (BTV) by immunofluorescence, the immunoperoxidase test and electron microscopy of BHK-21 cells infected with the new isolate. The new isolate was t...

Eaton, Monroe D. (Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.), Ann E. Farnham, Jeana D. Levinthal, and Anthony R. Scala. Cytopathic effect of the atypical pneumonia organism in cultures of human tissue. J. Bacteriol. 84:1330-1337. 1962.-Three strains of the atypical pneumonia agent were adapted to grow in continuous cell cultures of human amnion or human embryonic lung, with production of initial in...

Serum and peripheral blood lymphocytes from 10 patients with Crohn's disease and 10 healthy subjects were examined for immunological reactivity against chick embryo cell cultures displaying cytopathic effects after inoculation with 0.2 micro filtrates prepared from Crohn's disease intestinal tissues. Although the assay systems (indirect immunofluorescence, lymphocyte transformation, and cytotox...

Organisms in the genus Mycobacterium cause a variety of human diseases. One member of the genus, M. ulcerans, causes a necrotizing skin disease called Buruli ulcer. Buruli ulcer is unique among mycobacterial diseases in that the organisms at the site of infection are extracellular and there is little acute inflammatory response. Previous literature reported the presence of a toxin in the cultur...

The cytopathic effects of Trichomonas vaginalis treated with inhibitory concentrations of anticytoskeletal compounds (mebendazole, griseofulvin, colchicine, taxol, and cytochalasin B) were studied in mouse CLID fibroblast cultures. The evaluation, at different times, of cell numbers and morphological alterations showed that cytopathic effect was considerably reduced when protozoa were pretreate...

BACKGROUND Many researchers studied human Papillomavirus infection in the anal area supposing it represents a risk factor for precursor lesions of anal cancer. AIM To study the association between histological findings suggestive of injury by the virus in hemorrhoidectomy specimens. METHOD Prevalence study was carried out based on histopathological analysis of hemorrhoidectomy specimens to ...