CONTEXT GH deficiency is common in childhood cancer survivors. In a previous report, although we did not find an increase in the risk of disease recurrence in survivors treated with GH, GH-treated survivors did have an increased risk of developing a second neoplasm (SN) (rate ratio, 3.21). OBJECTIVE In this analysis, we have reassessed the risk of GH-treated survivors developing an SN after a...

Signal-to-noise ratio, the ratio between signal and noise, is a quantity that has been well established for MRI data but is still subject of ongoing debate and confusion when it comes to fMRI data. fMRI data are characterised by small activation fluctuations in a background of noise. Depending on how the signal of interest and the noise are identified, signal-to-noise ratio for fMRI data is rep...

objective(s): in spect, the sinogram contains scatter and lack of attenuated counts that degrade the reconstructed image quality and quantity. many techniques for attenuation and scatter correction have been proposed. an acceptable method of correction is to incorporate effects into an iterative statistical reconstruction. here, we propose new maximum likelihood expectation maximization (mlem) ...

  Abstract   Background: Previous studies have indicated an unspecific correlation between noise   exposure and blood pressure disturbances. Blood pressure disturbances could be caused   by the environmental hazards such as noise exposure. The aim of this study is to analyze   whether there is a relationship between noise exposure and hypertension.   Methods: Atotal sample of 218 workers workin...

We discuss the optical spectropolarimetry of several core-collapse supernovae, SN 1996cb (Type IIB), SN 1997X (Type Ic), and SN 1998S (Type IIn). The data show polarization evolution of several spectral features at levels from 0.5% to above 4%. The observed line polarization is intrinsic to the supernovae and not of interstellar origin. These data suggest that the the distribution of ejected ma...

in this paper, the effects of scintillation phenomena on bit error rate (ber) and signal to noise ratio (snr), which are essential characteristics in free space optical (fso) communication system, are studied. until now various methods have been introduced to decrease ber and increase the link's reliability. optimizing snr is one of the fundamental methods to decrease ber value. intensity fluct...

We propose an algorithm to determine stable connected dominating sets (CDS) for mobile ad hoc networks using the notion of strong neighborhood (SN). The SN-CDS algorithm takes an input parameter called the Threshold Neighborhood Distance Ratio (TNDR); for an edge to be part of a strong neighborhood-based topology, the ratio of the physical Euclidean distance between the end nodes of the edge to...