The quality loss function developed by Genichi Taguchi considers three cases, nominal-thebest, smaller-the-better, and larger-the-better. The methodology used to deal with the larger-thebetter case is slightly different than the other two cases. This research employs a term called target-mean ratio to propose a common formula for all three cases to bring about similarity among them. The target-...

background: one of the most common complaints expressed by individuals with hearing-impairment is the difficulty in speech perception in background noise. different tests have been developed for the evaluation of reduced ability of speech perception in noise, and the consonant-vowel in noise test is one of the simplest one regard to speech materials. the goal of the present study was developmen...

the importance as well as the diculty of the problem of ranking fuzzy numbers is pointed out. here we consider approaches to the ranking of fuzzy numbers based upon the idea of associating with a fuzzy number a scalar value, its signal/noise ratios, where the signal and the noise are dened as the middle-point and the spread of each a-cut of a fuzzy number, respectively. we use the value of a ...

Ammonium sulfate is one of the subsidiary components in the stealth liposome structure. The ratio of ammonium ion bound to liposome sphere to ammonium ions outside the liposome plays an important role in drug delivery formulation; accordingly, in order to quantify the ammonium ion in the liposome structure, a rapid and sensitive method was validated using a conductivity detector. Through this m...

Traditional noise removal methods like Non-Local Means create spurious boundaries inside regular zones. Visushrink removes too many coefficients and yields recovered images that are overly smoothed. In Bayesshrink method, sharp features are preserved. However, PSNR (Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio) is considerably low. BLS-GSM generates some discontinuous information during the course of denoising a...

Background: Nowadays, image de-noising plays a very important role in medical analysis applications and pre-processing step. Many filters were designed for image processing, assuming a specific noise distribution, so the images which are acquired by different medical imaging modalities must be out of the noise. Objectives: This study has focused on the sequence filters which are selected ...

in the form of passive seismic methods, broadband seismometers have been used in hydrocarbon exploration. the frequency bandwidth typically studied is in the range of 1–6 hz. the observations on low frequency band of microtremors are used to calculate the spectral ratio of vertical and horizontal components (v/h) and power spectral density (psd). attributes based on the v/h ratio and the psd ha...

The noise in reconstructed slices of X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) is of unknown distribution, non-stationary, oriented and difficult to distinguish from main structural information. This requires the development of special post-processing methods based on the local statistical evaluation of the noise component. This paper presents an adaptive method of reducing noise in CT images employing th...